Английская Википедия:Histoplasma

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox

Histoplasma is a genus of fungi in the order Onygenales.[1] Species are known human pathogens producing yeast-like states under pathogenic conditions. They are the causative agents of histoplasmosis in humans and epizootic lymphangitis in horses.[2]

Forms and stages

Histoplasma species have two forms: their environmental form is hyphal with microconidia and tuberculate macroconidia while their pathogenic form is a small intracellular yeast with a narrow neck and no bud with no capsule.[3] Infection occurs through inhalation of microconidia or small mycelial fragments. The dimorphic mold-yeast transforms and enters host macrophages and proliferates within them. Infections are most often seen in immunodeficient individuals.[4]

Species are mainly found in the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys in the United States (H.ohiense and H. mississippiense) as well as Central (H. capsulatum) and South America (H. suramericanum), Africa (H. duboisii), Asia, and Australia.[5][6]

References

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Шаблон:Ascomycetes-stub

  1. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Jiang2018 не указан текст
  2. OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals 2004 Chapter 2.5.13, Шаблон:Cite web
  3. Шаблон:Cite journal
  4. Шаблон:Cite journal
  5. Шаблон:Cite web
  6. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Sepúlveda2017 не указан текст