Английская Википедия:Historical nuclear weapons stockpiles and nuclear tests by country

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Шаблон:Short description This article shows various estimates of the nuclear weapon stockpiles of various countries at various points in time. This article also shows the number of nuclear weapons tests conducted by each country at various points in time.

Nuclear weapons stockpiles

Global nuclear weapons stockpiles (1945–2025)[1]
Country 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2014 2020 Projections[2]
Шаблон:Flagicon United States 2 299 2,422 18,638 31,149 26,008 27,519 23,368 21,392 10,904 10,577 8,360 7,700 7,260 5,800[3] 5,244 (in 2023)[4]
Шаблон:Flagicon Soviet Union
Шаблон:Flagicon Russia
0 5 200 1,605 6,129 11,643 19,055 30,062 39,197 37,000 27,000 21,500 17,000 7,500 6,375[3] 5,899 (in 2023)[5]
Шаблон:Flagicon China 0 0 0 0 5 75 180 205 243 232 234 232 235 260 400[6] 1,500 (for 2035)[7]
Шаблон:Flagicon France 0 0 0 0 32 36 188 250 360 505 500 470 350 300 290[3]
Шаблон:Flagicon United Kingdom 0 0 14 42 436 394 492 492 422 422 422 281 281 225 225[3] 260 (up to 2030)[8]
Шаблон:Flagicon India 0 0 0 0 0 0 0[9] 1[9] 3[9] 7[9] 14[9] 28[9] 44 90-110 150[3] 250-270 (for 2025)[10]
Шаблон:Flagicon Pakistan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0[9] 4[9] 13[9] 28[9] 38 100-120 160[3] 150-200 (for 2021)[11]
Шаблон:Flagicon Israel 0 0 0 0 0 8 20 31 42 53 63 72 80 80 80-90[3] 65-85 (for 2020)[10]
Шаблон:Flagicon North Korea 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0[9] 0[12]-1[9] 0[12]-2[9] 0[12]-2[9] 8[9] 6-8 30-40[3]
Шаблон:Flagicon South Africa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0[9] 3[9] 6[9] 0[9] 0 0 0 0 0[10]
Шаблон:Flagicon Kazakhstan 1,410 (1991)[13] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Шаблон:Flagicon Ukraine 2,321 (1991)[14] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Шаблон:Flagicon Belarus At least 81 (1991)[15] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Шаблон:Flagicon Lithuania 20-60 (1991)[16] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Worldwide total 2 304 2,636 20,285 37,741 38,164 47,454 54,409 61,662 ~51,864 38,823 - 38,825 30,971 - 30,973 25,736 15,811 - 15,853 13,400
Файл:US and USSR nuclear stockpiles.svg
U.S. and Soviet/Russian nuclear weapons stockpiles/inventories from 1945 to 2006. The failing Soviet economy and the dissolution of the country between 1989 and 1991 which marks the end of the Cold War and with it the relaxation of the arms race, brought about a large decrease in both nations' stockpiles. The effects of the Megatons to Megawatts can also be seen in the mid-1990s, continuing Russia's reducing trend. A similar chart focusing solely on quantity of warheads in the multi-megaton range is also available.[17] Moreover, total deployed US & "Russian" strategic weapons increased steadily from the 1980s until the Cold War ended.[18]

The United States nuclear stockpile increased rapidly from 1945, peaked in 1966, and declined after that.[1] By 2012, the United States had several times fewer nuclear weapons than it had in 1966.[19]

The Soviet Union developed its first nuclear weapon in 1949 and increased its nuclear stockpile rapidly until it peaked in 1986 under Mikhail Gorbachev.[1] As Cold War tensions decreased, and after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Soviet and Russian nuclear stockpile decreased by over 80% between 1986 and 2012.[19]

The United States and Russian nuclear weapons stockpiles are projected to continue decreasing over the next decade.[20]

The United Kingdom became a nuclear power in 1952, and its nuclear arsenal peaked at just under 500 nuclear weapons in 1981. France became a nuclear power in 1960, and French nuclear stockpiles peaked at just over 500 nuclear weapons in 1992.[1] China developed its first nuclear weapon in 1964; its nuclear stockpile increased until the early 1980s, when it stabilized at between 200 and 260.[1] India became a nuclear power in 1974, while Pakistan developed its first nuclear weapon in the 1980s.[1][21] India and Pakistan currently have around one hundred nuclear weapons each.[19] Pakistan's nuclear stockpile has increased rapidly, and it is speculated that Pakistan might have more nuclear weapons than the United Kingdom within a decade.[22]

South Africa successfully built six nuclear weapons in the 1980s, but dismantled all of them in the early 1990s, shortly before the fall of the apartheid system.[23] So far it is the only nuclear-capable country to give up nuclear weapons, although several members of the Soviet Union did so during the collapse of the Soviet regime.

North Korea joined the nuclear club in 2006 or before.[1][9] A United States Defense Intelligence Agency report from 1999 projected that both Iran and Iraq would join the nuclear club and have 10-20 nuclear weapons in 2020.[10] However, it is worth pointing out that this report was written before the overthrow of Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein and before information was released indicating that Iraq had already given up its nuclear weapons program.[10] Even before the U.S. started the nuclear club in 1945, some states (most notably Germany) unsuccessfully attempted to build nuclear weapons.

Nuclear weapon tests

Number of nuclear weapons tests by state (1945–2017)[24]
Country 1945–49 1950–54 1955–59 1960–64 1965–69 1970–74 1975–79 1980–84 1985–89 1990–94 1995–99 2000–04 2005–09 2010–14 2015–17 Cumulative total
Шаблон:Flagicon United States 8 43 145 198 230 136 96 84 71 21 0 0 0 0 0 1,032
Шаблон:Flagicon Soviet Union
Шаблон:Flagicon Russia
1 17 65 147 85 101 126 116 56 1 0 0 0 0 0 715
Шаблон:Flagicon United Kingdom 0 3 18 4 1 1 4 8 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 45
Шаблон:Flagicon France 0 0 0 12 19 32 37 51 41 12 6 0 0 0 0 210
Шаблон:Flagicon China 0 0 0 1 9 6 10 6 2 7 4 0 0 0 0 45
Шаблон:Flagicon Israel 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Шаблон:Flagicon India 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 6
Шаблон:Flagicon South Africa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Шаблон:Flagicon Pakistan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 6
Шаблон:Flagicon North Korea 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 6
All countries 9 63 228 362 344 277 273 265 174 43 21 0 2 1 3 2,065
Файл:Rael Nuclear use locations world map.png
Over 2,000 nuclear explosions have been conducted, in over a dozen different sites around the world. Red Russia/Soviet Union, blue France, light blue United States, violet Britain, black Israel, yellow China, orange India, brown Pakistan, green North Korea and light green (territories exposed to nuclear bombs).
Файл:Worldwide nuclear testing multilang.svg
lang=en

From the first nuclear test in 1945, worldwide nuclear testing increased rapidly until the 1970s, when it peaked.[24] However, there was still a large amount of worldwide nuclear testing until the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s.[24] Afterwards, the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty was signed and ratified by the major nuclear weapons powers, and the number of worldwide nuclear tests decreased rapidly.[24] India and Pakistan conducted nuclear tests in 1998, but afterwards only North Korea conducted nuclear tests--in 2006, 2009, 2013, twice in 2016, and in 2017.[24][25]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Nuclear technology Шаблон:Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents