Английская Википедия:Hitler's Obersalzberg Speech

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Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Short description

The Obersalzberg Speech is a speech which Adolf Hitler delivered in the presence of Wehrmacht commanders at his Obersalzberg home on 22 August 1939, a week before the German invasion of Poland.[1]

Origin of the document

In August 1939, the American journalist Louis P. Lochner contacted the American diplomat Alexander Comstock Kirk and showed him the text, but Kirk was not interested.[2] Lochner next contacted the British diplomat George Ogilvie-Forbes, who indeed transmitted it back to London on 25 August 1939.[3][2] The Canadian historian Michael Marrus wrote that Lochner almost certainly obtained the text from Admiral Wilhelm Canaris, the chief of the Abwehr (German intelligence), who was present at the Obersalzberg Conference.[4]

Three documents were grouped together during the Nuremberg Trials that contained Hitler's speech on 22 August 1939 (1014-PS,[5] 798-PS,[6] and L-3,[7][8]) and only the document L-3 contained a reference to the Armenian genocide.[9] Documents 1014-PS[7] and 798-PS were captured by the United States forces inside the OKW headquarters[10] but the documents did not contain the Armenian quote. On May 16, 1946, during the Nuremberg War Tribunals, a counsel for one of the defendants, Dr. Walter Siemers requested from the president of the trial to strike out document 1014-PS,[7] but his request was rejected by the president.[11] Document L-3 was brought to the court by Lochner.[10]

According to Lochner, while he was stationed in Berlin, he received a copy of a speech by Hitler from his informant. Lochner later published the speech (in English translation) in his book What About Germany? (New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1942) as being indicative of Hitler's desire to conquer the world. In 1945, Lochner handed over a transcript of the German document he had received to the prosecution at the Nuremberg trials, and it was labeled L-3. Hence it is known as the L-3 document. The speech is also found in a footnote to notes about a speech that Hitler held in Obersalzberg on 22 August 1939 and was published in the German Foreign Policy documents[7][12] When asked in the Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal who his source was, Lochner said this was a German called "Herr Maasz" but gave vague information about him.[13]

The Times of London quoted from Lochner's version in an unsigned article titled The War Route of the Nazi Germany on 24 November 1945. The article stated that it had been brought forward by the prosecutor on 23 November 1945, as evidence. However, according to the Akten zur deutschen auswärtigen Politik (ser. D, vol. 7, 1961), the document was not introduced as evidence before the International Military Tribunal for undisclosed reasons and is not included in the official publication of the documents in evidence. Two other documents containing minutes of Hitler's Obersalzberg speech(es) had been found among the seized German documents and were introduced as evidence, both omitting the Armenian quote.[14]

In Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression (colloquially known as "the Red Set"), a collection of documents related to the Nuremberg trials which was compiled by the prosecutorial team, the editors describe the relationship between the relevant documents as follows:[15]

Шаблон:Quote

In his book What about Germany?, Lochner offered the following English translation of the third paragraph of the document L-3:

Шаблон:Quote

See also

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 von Klemperer, Klemens The German Resistance Against Hitler: The Search for Allies Abroad, 1938–1945, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993 p. 133.
  3. ↑ British Foreign Office, Documents on British Foreign Policy, 1919–1939, Great Britain Foreign Office, p. 257.
  4. ↑ Marrus, Michael The Holocaust In History, Hanover: Brandeis University Press, 1987 pp. 20–21.
  5. ↑ "Translation of doc 1014-PS"http://library2.lawschool.cornell.edu/donovan/pdf/Batch_2_pdfs/Vol_IV_8_06.pdf
  6. ↑ "Translation of doc 780-ps"http://library2.lawschool.cornell.edu/donovan/pdf/Batch_2_pdfs/Vol_IV_8_05.pdf
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 "IMG Nürnberg 1014-ps" http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/A-Hitler-08-22-1939-at-Obersalzberg-on-planned-attack-on-Poland-and-extermination-of-Poles.pdf
  8. ↑ "L-3 is inside the footnote of the document"http://library.fes.de/library/netzquelle/zwangsmigration/32ansprache.html
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 "One Hundred and Thirty-Second Day Friday, 17 May 1946 page 64 " http://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/05-17-46.asp
  11. ↑ One Hundred and Thirty-First Day Thursday, 16 May 1946 page 47"http://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/05-16-46.asp
  12. ↑ "Portrayals of Hitler Project" http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/projects/hitler/hitler.htm
  13. ↑ Reisman, Arnold, Could the US Holocaust Memorial Museum Have Erred in a Major Exhibit? (31 December 2010). p. 18. Available at SSRN: [1]
  14. ↑ In his scholarly essay published in 2008, the German researcher Dr. Richard Albrecht discussed all five versions of Hitler's second secret speech delivered to his High Commanders on 22 August 1939, at Obersalzberg and republished the first German version of the fifth which later on was named the Lochner- (or L-3-) version, at first published in the German journal in exile, "Deutsche Blätter. Für ein europäisches Deutschland / Gegen ein deutsches Europa" [Santiago de Chile], 2 (1944) 3, 37–39; see Richard Albrecht, "Wer redet heute noch von der Vernichtung der Armenier?" – Kommentierte Wiederveröffentlichung der Erstpublikation von Adolf Hitlers Geheimrede am 22. August 1939; in: Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte, 9 (2008) 2: 115–132
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
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