Английская Википедия:Hockley
Шаблон:Other uses Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox UK place Hockley is a large village and civil parish in Essex in the East of England located between Chelmsford and Southend-on-Sea, or, more specifically, between Rayleigh and Rochford. It came to prominence during the coming of the railway in the 1890s[1] and at the 2001 census had a population of 13,616 people,[2] reducing to 9,616 at the 2011 Census,[3]. The parish of Hockley itself had a population of 8,909 at the (2001 census), while the urban area runs into the neighbouring parish of Hawkwell. Hockley railway station serves the village.
History
The place-name 'Hockley' is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it appears as Hocheleia. The name means "Hocca's woodland clearing or glade".[4] Today, there is still a large wooded area named Hockley Woods. Notable buildings in the village include the church of St Peter and Paul, which has a nave which was possibly built before the twelfth century, a thirteenth-century chancel and a fourteenth-century tower, the upper half of which is octagonal and was built at a later date. The tower holds three bells, manufactured by Miles Gray in 1626, by James Bartlett in 1684 and by John Hodgson in 1657, and the building is Grade II* listed.[5] The church is situated to the north-west of the village centre, where Grade II listed Spa Pump Room is situated. The building was built as a spa to a design by James Lockyer in 1842, after Robert Clay found a medicinal spring there in 1838.[6] Hockley is also the site of the former Bullwood Hall prison which closed in 2013.[7]
Plumberow Mount, a Roman burial mound,[8] was excavated in 1913 by Mr. E. B. Francis. At the time, there was a summer house on the top of the mound, and so trenches were cut on three sides. The excavation found a Roman coin of Domitian and some Saxon pottery which may indicate a secondary burial. The oval mound is Шаблон:Convert high, and Шаблон:Convert in diameter, with a flattened top, where the summerhouse was located.[9] Since 2005, a metal fence has surrounded the mound to protect it from erosion, and a number of trees which were growing on or near it were cut down at the same time.[10]
In 2009, the sixteenth-century Hockley Pendant was discovered in a field at Hockley.[11]
Governance
Hockley has a parish council consisting of two wards[12] and is part of Rochford District Council[13]
References
Шаблон:Reflist
External links
- Шаблон:Commons category-inline
- Hockley Parish Council
- The Parish Church of St Peter and St Paul, Hockley
- St Peter and St Paul Church, Hockley, Essex. A 360 Degree Virtual Tour
- Hockley & Hawkwell Methodist Church
- The Commy | Hockley Community Centre Association & Social Bar, Hockley
- Hawkwell Athletic Football Club
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:NOMIS2011
- ↑ Eilert Ekwall, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, p.243.
- ↑ Шаблон:NHLE Church of St Peter and St Paul, Hockley
- ↑ Шаблон:NHLE Hockley Spa Rooms
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:PastScape
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
