Английская Википедия:Holyoke Saint Patrick's Day Parade

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Шаблон:Infobox recurring event Holyoke Saint Patrick's Day Parade is hosted every year on the Sunday of the week of Saint Patrick's Day. Each parade usually attracts around 400,000 spectators from all over the United States of America. Past participants have included President John F. Kennedy, two Speakers of the House and other notable officials.[1]

History

Файл:JFK HolyokeParade 1958.png
Then-Massachusetts Senator John F. Kennedy in attendance at the 1958 Holyoke St. Patrick's Parade, receiving an honor as an "outstanding American of Irish parentage" from parade committee President James F. Millane, on the lawn of the Holyoke City Hall.[2] Following Kennedy's assassination, the award was renamed the "John F. Kennedy National Award" in his honor.[3]

Drawing on the Irish heritage of Holyoke, in its earliest days known as "Ireland Parish", the inaugural Saint Patrick's Day Parade was hosted on March 16, 1952, after a group of local businessmen met at the local Brian Boru Club and proposed the idea. Since that time the Holyoke Saint Patrick's Parade Committee which has since grown to more than 100 people and presents multiple awards to distinguished citizens every year.[4]

As with the United States at-large, the parade has been widely participated in by people both of Irish and non-Irish heritage alike,[5] and has come to be a reflection of Holyoke's syncretic culture, an example being local vendors selling such combinations as Café con leche with Irish soda bread, and wide variety of bands participating from all over the country, including but not limited to, the Aqua String Band, the Hawthorne Callaberos, and the Tian Guo Marching Band.[6][7][8] Citing concerns about the coronavirus pandemic, in 2020 the parade and several associated events were cancelled for the first time in its 68 year run.[9] It went on hiatus the next year before it resumed in 2022.

Attendance

Parade Spectator Estimates By Year (1952–Present) Шаблон:Div flex row Шаблон:Graph:Chart

Year Spectators (est.)
1952 25,000[10]
1960 100,000[11]
1965 60,000[12]
1970 100,000[4]
1975 200,000[13]
1980 250,000[14]
1985 175,000[15]
1991 250,000[16]
2003 250,000[17]
2009 350,000[18]
2011 400,000[19]
2017 400,000[20]
2020-21 0

Шаблон:Div flex row end

Since its inaugural event in 1952, the parade has grown substantially; while the first parade saw around an estimated 25,000 spectators, in recent years the estimated number of spectator's has exceeding 400,000, approximately ten times the population of Holyoke as of the most recent census.[10][20] The event, considered as much a regional as local venue, attracts many spectators from surrounding states and even Ireland itself in recent years. In 2011 the UMass Donahue Institute estimated the parade brought in $20 million annually to the local economy, through its participants and spectators.[21]

Honorees

Файл:Robert E Barrett Jr. in the Holyoke St. Patrick's Day Parade.jpg
Robert Barrett Jr., president of the Holyoke Water Power Company and a recipient of the parade's Citizenship Award, tips his hat to spectators in the 1969 parade

Each year since its first iteration, the parade has had a parade president and grand marshal; in 1955 the first Colleen was chosen and given her own court and throne. Over the years a number of other awards have been created, including the Thomas Rohan Award (1957), named for the first grand marshall, for citizens contributing outstanding work to the parade; the John F. Kennedy Award (1958), named for its inaugural recipient, has been given to an "Outstanding American of Irish Descent" each year since that time and has included nationally known singers, actors, athletes, writers, an astronaut, mayors of Boston, several governors, senators, and Speakers of the House. Additional awards include the Citizenship Award (1966) honoring those of non-Irish descent who have made substantial contributions to the parade, the George E. O’Connell Award (1963) to members of the parade committee who have made longstanding efforts to fundraising, the Daniel J. Gallivan Award (1972) for others who have made significant contributions to the parade who do not reside in Holyoke, and the Ambassador Award (1992) to those who promote international ties between the United States and Ireland.[22] Шаблон:Hidden begin

Year Grand Colleen Grand Marshal John F. Kennedy Award Recipient
1952 Tom Rohan
1953 John S. Begley
1954 Daniel J. O'Connell
1955 Kathleen O'Sullivan Emmett C. Cauley
1956 Mary Monaghan Dr. Elmer J. Harrington
1957 Maureen Murphy William P. Sullivan
1958 Geraldine Lawler William R. Peck John F. Kennedy
1959 Ann Burke William E. Nolen Jeremiah J. Minnehan
1960 Sheila McCormick John J. Driscoll John F. Collins
1961 Susan Hobert Michael H. Moran Christopher Joseph Weldon
1962 Francine Dillon Maurice A. Donahue Bob Considine
1963 Joan Riley Eugene P. O'Neill William Gargan
1964 Kathleen Kennedy Jeremiah J. Lawler James B. Donovan
1965 Mary Ellen McGinty Joseph F. Lynch James J. Shea
1966 Margaret Shevlin Joseph J. Kelly Edward M Kennedy
1967 Janet Kelly Desrosiers Thomas W. Padden Tommy Loughran
1968 Una Petcen William J. Dean Larry O'Brien
1969 Deborah Kennedy James F. Millane Richard Cushing
1970 Kathleen Welch Frank R. King John N. Dempsey
1971 Ann Marie O'Brien William G. Rogers Pat O'Brien
1972 Nancy Rainville David M. Bartley Timothy J. Dacey, Jr.
1973 Sherry Lee McFadden Timothy J. Sullivan John W. McCormack
1974 Mary Ann Croke George E. Frost Jim Bishop
1975 Martha Marie Donohue William W. Mahoney Thomas P. Salmon
1976 Ann Marie Abel Richard J. Murphy Edward Bennett Williams
1977 Patricia Marie Dean Francis J. Baker Jimmy Breslin
1978 Katherine M. Quirk Edward F. Sheehy Tip O'Neill
1979 Corrine Baker John F. Moriarty Dan Devine
1980 Patricia Ann Long James J. Shea Art Rooney
1981 Ann Dean Edward "Sarge" Nugent William A. Nolen
1982 Patricia O'Connor Maurice B. Martin Maureen O'Hara
1983 Karen Barrett John T. Hickey Joseph F. Maguire
1984 Alyssa Fitzpatrick James "Barry" Farrell Edward Boland
1985 Maureen Simonds James E. O'Leary Frank McGuire
1986 Kerry Ann Moriarty Leo Edward O'Neil William A. O'Neill
1987 Theresa Clark Anne Hearn McHugh Dennis Day
1988 Ruth Ellen Allyn Bernard M. Lavelle Thomas Flatley
1989 Anne Marie O'Connell Thomas J. Donahue Neil Sheehan
1990 Mary Deleva James K. Kelly Leo Edward O'Neil
1991 Christine Brill Patrick B. Bresnahan Carmel Quinn
1992 Candice McKenzie Edward B. "Pop" Coughlin Tom Clancy
1993 Heather Bresnahan Maurice J. Ferriter Mary Rose McGeady
1994 Kara Elizabeth Shanahan Robert J. Rohan Raymond Flynn
1995 Marikate Moriarty Charles W. "Bill" Dinn Eoin McKiernan
1996 Shaena A. Smalley Francis M. Baker Robert Stack
1997 Mary Kate Cartier John E. McHugh John J. Sweeney
1998 Kimberly Lyn Willis Daniel E. Tierney Richard I. Neal
1999 Abby Gordon Woods Francis M. Kane Patti Ann, Conor, & Steven McDonald
2000 Abbey Louise McLaughlin Francis X. Sullivan Richard E. Neal
2001 Elizabeth Ann Cartier Joseph F. McGuire John Shea
2002 Kathleen C. Joyce James A. Curran Daniel Coughlin
2003 Mary Kate Moynihan Peter F. Brady William J. Flynn
2004 Sheila Maureen Murphy Joseph V. Gosselin, Jr. Catherine Coleman
2005 Carolyn Patricia McLain Russell J. McNiff Sr. Tom O'Brien
2006 Katy Beth Brunelle Frederick L. Sullivan Tom Ridge
2007 Kim Erin Elliott Alan F. Cathro Dan Shaughnessy
2008 Ashley M. Reidy Ann M. Gibbons Fran Healy
2009 Ashley R. Tucker Christine Padden Zajac Joseph Loughrey
2010 Rosalyn C. Chesky Joseph M. McGiverin Dan Rooney
2011 Meaghan Leahy Gerald D. Healy David McCullough
2012 Brianna M. Fitz Barry J. Farrell Kevin O’Hara
2013 Brieanna M. Gresh Brian Q. Corridan Doris Kearns Goodwin
2014 Sheila S. Fallon Roger P. Donoghue Dick and Rick Hoyt
2015 Allyson Craven Raymond H. Feyre John M. Maguire
2016 Meghan N. Ryan Patricia C. Devine Micky Ward
2017 Margaret Walsh Jane Morrissey Ann Dowd
2018 Madelynne Kelleher David “Archie” Donoghue Archie Roberts
2019 Lauren Dulude Roger Reidy, Jr. T. J. Jagodowski
2020 Moira McDermott John “Jay” Driscoll David Glidden
2021
2022 Moira McDermott John “Jay” Driscoll David Glidden

Шаблон:Hidden end

Media coverage

The parade also enjoys an audience beyond its participants, with more than 1.2 million viewers watching over the channel and online streams of local PBS affiliate WGBY, which broadcast it every year from 2001 through 2018.[23][24] WWLP resumed as the broadcaster of the parade in 2019 through its CW channel, and also included a livestream. Other local media outlets including WGGB-TV and the Springfield Republican also cover the event.

Gallery

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

External links

Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:External media Шаблон:Wikisource

Parade Committees

Surrounding municipality committees organized to send delegations of honored persons, floats, and community groups as contingents to the parade-

Шаблон:Holyoke, Massachusetts

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  1. ↑ Holyokestpatricksparade.com Шаблон:Webarchive
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
  20. ↑ 20,0 20,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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