Английская Википедия:Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture
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Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (Шаблон:Zh; Hani: Шаблон:Lang; Yi: ꉼꉸꉳꆃꁈꆃꁈꊨꏦꍓ) is an autonomous prefecture in Southeast-Central Yunnan Province, China, bordering Vietnam's Lào Cai and Lai Châu provinces to the south. Its name is derived from the Hong (Red) River and the two major ethnic minority groups who live there: the Yi and the Hani. Honghe has an area of Шаблон:Convert and its seat is Mengzi. The total population is 4.8 million, of which 61.3% belong to ethnic minorities.
In 2008, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of the People's Republic of China nominated the Honghe Hani Terraced Fields of Yuanyang County for World Heritage Site status. It was added to the list on 22 June 2013, bringing the total number of World Heritage Sites in China to 45.
Subdivisions
The prefecture is subdivided into 13 county-level divisions: 4 county-level cities, 6 counties, and 3 autonomous counties:
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) |
Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| Mengzi City | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 417,200 | 2,228 | 187 |
| Gejiu City | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 459,800 | 1,597 | 288 |
| Kaiyuan City | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 322,700 | 2,009 | 161 |
| Mile City | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 539,700 | 4,004 | 135 |
| Lüchun County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 222,200 | 3,167 | 70 |
| Jianshui County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 531,500 | 3,940 | 135 |
| Shiping County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 299,100 | 3,090 | 97 |
| Luxi County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 400,700 | 1,674 | 239 |
| Yuanyang County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 396,800 | 2,292 | 173 |
| Honghe County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 296,500 | 2,034 | 146 |
| Jinping Miao, Yao and Dai Autonomous County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 356,200 | 3,677 | 97 |
| Hekou Yao Autonomous County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 104,600 | 1,313 | 80 |
| Pingbian Miao Autonomous County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 154,000 | 1,905 | 81 |
Demographics
At the end of 2019, Honghe Prefecture had 4.775 million residents, of which 61.3% belonged to ethnic minorities.[1]
Ethnic groups in Honghe, 2010 census
| Nationality | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Han | 1,928,601 | 42.85% |
| Yi | 1,043,599 | 23.19% |
| Hani | 789,702 | 17.55% |
| Hmong | 326,141 | 7.25% |
| Zhuang | 111,182 | 2.47% |
| Dai | 106,150 | 2.36% |
| Yao | 92,759 | 2.06% |
| Hui | 74,767 | 1.66% |
| Lahu | 11,430 | 0.25% |
| Bai | 4,846 | 0.11% |
| Others | 11,719 | 0.26% |
| Total | 4,500,896 |
Ethnic subgroups
Honghe Prefecture has the following ethnic Hani subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:32):
- Hani
- Nuobi
- Nuomei
- Ache
- Lami
- Baihong
- Asuo
- Budu
- Qide
- Gehe
- Biyue
- Kaduo
- Ha'ou (Шаблон:Lang)
- Enu (Ximoluo)
Honghe Prefecture has the following 10 ethnic Yi subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:68):
- Nisubo Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: Luoluo Шаблон:Lang, Sandaohong Шаблон:Lang, Huayao Шаблон:Lang, Muji Шаблон:Lang)
- Nibo Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: Sani Шаблон:Lang, Azhe Шаблон:Lang)
- Gepo Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: White Yi Шаблон:Lang)
- Siqi Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: Large Black Yi Шаблон:Lang, Small Black Yi Шаблон:Lang)
- Axibo Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: Axi Шаблон:Lang)
- Puwabo Шаблон:Lang, Pulebo Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: Pula Шаблон:Lang)
- Alubo Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: Alu Шаблон:Lang)
- Lesubo Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: Shansu Шаблон:Lang)
- Luobo Шаблон:Lang (exonyms and other names: Awu Шаблон:Lang, Laowu Шаблон:Lang)
- Xiangtang Шаблон:Lang
Transportation
Roads
- G80 Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway
- G8011 Kaiyuan–Hekou Expressway
- G5615 Tianbao–Houqiao Expressway
- S45 Yuanjiang–Manhao Expressway
- China National Highway 219
- China National Highway 323
- China National Highway 326
- China National Highway 553
Railways
The prefecture is crossed by the early-20th century narrow-gauge Kunming–Hai Phong Railway and its branches. These railways have lost most of their economic importance after the opening of the standard-gauge Kunming-Hekou railway (whose sections within the prefecture are the Yuxi–Mengzi Railway and the Mengzi–Hekou Railway).
The prefecture is also served by the Nanning–Kunming high-speed railway and Mile–Mengzi Railway (under construction).
Airport
Honghe Mengzi Airport is being built in the prefectural capital Mengzi.[2]
References
External links
Шаблон:Other ethnic minorities autonomy in the People's Republic of China Шаблон:Yi autonomy in the People's Republic of China Шаблон:Yunnan Шаблон:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China
