Английская Википедия:Hotié de Viviane
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox ancient site Hotié, Hostié or Maison de Viviane (English: House of Viviane), also known as Tombeau des Druides (English: Druids' Tomb)[1][2] is a megalithic tomb in Paimpont, Ille-et-Vilaine, in Brittany. The Hotié de Viviane is one of the prehistoric monuments in the Forest of Brocéliande cursorily described in the 19th century, but more recently, following the fires that have periodically devastated the forest, rediscovered and excavated by local groups.Шаблон:Sfn Legend makes it the home of the fairy Viviane, where she held the enchanter Merlin imprisoned. Another legend equates it with the esplumoir Merlin.Шаблон:Sfn When the location of the Val sans retour, a place figuring in medieval Arthurian literature, was identified with the Val de Rauco in the 19th century, the megalithic site near the Gurvant valley took the name of Hotié de Viviane. Hotié de Viviane is also sometimes identified as Tombeau de Viviane (English: Tomb of Viviane).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Location
This megalithic construction is located south-west of the Paimpont forest. It is possible to reach it by passing through the village of Beauvais, heading towards the Rauco moor. It appears after the last houses of La Guette, overlooking the Val sans retour, on a hill at a height of approximately Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
Megalithic architecture
This is one of the rare funerary coffers under a tumulus in a region where tombs of the same period usually have covered passages.Шаблон:Sfn It was excavated in 1982–1983.Шаблон:Sfn The tumulus that covered the coffer was made up of small stones held in place by slabs, Шаблон:Convert to Шаблон:Convert long, driven diagonally at an angle of 45°Шаблон:Sfn about Шаблон:Convert into the ground.Шаблон:Sfn The actual coffer is surrounded by 12 red schist slabs delimiting a funerary chamber Шаблон:Convert long by Шаблон:Convert wideШаблон:Sfn and not exceeding Шаблон:Convert high.Шаблон:Sfn It must have been covered by other slabs which have since disappeared,Шаблон:Sfn having been destroyed by treasure hunters.Шаблон:Sfn
The dead were probably deposited there on the south side, passing through a lower slab.Шаблон:Sfn The funerary furniture found consisted of polished dolerite axes, flints, jewellery pendants, coarse late Neolithic ceramics, millstones, hammerstones, and grinding wheels.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The whole construction has been dated between 3500 and 2500 BC.Шаблон:Sfn Carbon-14 dating of charcoal found on site refined the estimate to between 3,355 and 2,890 BC.Шаблон:Sfn
Legend
Over time, the site's original name of Tombeau des druides was supplanted by that of Hotié de VivianeШаблон:Sfn because this place was, according to legend, the refuge of the fairy Viviane.[3] As with most of the legendary place-names of the forest of Paimpont, this one was first associated with Arthurian legend by the Celtomane and Romantic Шаблон:Ill.[4] This monument's connection with Viviane was later affirmed by Шаблон:Ill in 1896: "It is said that it was there, on a hill above the Val sans Retour, amid woods and rocks, in his castle of stone, that Viviane held Merlin bewitched."[5]
Footnotes
References
External links
Шаблон:European Standing Stones
- Английская Википедия
- 3rd-millennium BC architecture
- 4th-millennium BC architecture
- Locations associated with Arthurian legend
- Megalithic monuments in Brittany
- Merlin
- Tombs in France
- Tourist attractions in Ille-et-Vilaine
- Tumuli in France
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- Википедия
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