Английская Википедия:Huequi

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox mountain

Huequi (Шаблон:IPA-esШаблон:Sfn) is a volcano in the Los Lagos Region of Chile. It is in the Southern Volcanic Zone, in the centre of Ayacara Peninsula and close to the Gulf of Ancud. It is made up of a lava dome complex situated in a depression of unclear origin, a postglacial lava dome Calle and a Pleistocene volcano with Holocene parasitic cones, with a sharp summit at Шаблон:Convert. There were reports of eruptions 1890–1920, and it is said to have "smoked" in 1935.

Geography and geology

The volcano is also known as Hueque, Relibuentu and Huequen.Шаблон:Sfn It is in a remote region of southern Chile with no road access. There are only a few villages along the coast,Шаблон:Sfn and little human modification of the environment.Шаблон:Sfn

Huequi lies roughly at the centre of the Ayacara Peninsula east of the Gulf of Ancud.Шаблон:Sfn Huequi is part of the Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ), lying in its southern sector between the volcanoes Hornopiren and Chaiten-Minchinmavida;Шаблон:Sfn Chaiten erupted in 2008.Шаблон:Sfn Compared to other volcanoes in the SVZ it is small, rising only Шаблон:Convert from a curved depressionШаблон:Sfn to an elevation of Шаблон:Convert, and it lacks glaciers.Шаблон:Sfn Huequi consists of a pile of lava domes that are heavily eroded and cut by sector collapses. A partially collapsed dome forms the summit.Шаблон:Sfn A summit crater was reported as "narrow" in 1909Шаблон:Sfn and as Шаблон:Convert wide by the Global Volcanism Program.Шаблон:Sfn Debris avalanches, partly channelled by a northwestward trending valley in the edifice, have formed a fan on that side of Huequi.Шаблон:Sfn Pumice from the volcano has been carried to the sea by the Huequi River, which originates at the foot of Huequi.Шаблон:Sfn Two additional cones are named Porcelana and Barranes ColoradoШаблон:Sfn or Barranco Colorado;Шаблон:Sfn there is also the Calle postglacial lava dome.Шаблон:Sfn The Huequi volcano may be part of larger volcanic complexes that are now eroded.Шаблон:Sfn The basement is formed by faulted granite and metamorphic rocksШаблон:Sfn of the North Patagonian Batholith.Шаблон:Sfn

The subduction of the Nazca Plate under the South American Plate gives rise to the volcanism of the Andes.Шаблон:Sfn In the southern sector between Yate and Cerro Hudson, where Huequi is located, the crust is thin and does not heavily influence the basaltic and basaltic andesite magmas.Шаблон:Sfn East of the volcano passes the Liquine-Ofqui Fault Zone in a fjord;Шаблон:Sfn the volcano lies on a separate, northwest-trending lineament.Шаблон:Sfn

Composition

Huequi has erupted andesite and basaltic andesite, which have grey and red colours and feature both layered and brecciated sequences.Шаблон:Sfn Dacite has also been reported.Шаблон:Sfn The volcanic rocks define a calc-alkaline suiteШаблон:Sfn that resembles the adakites of Nevado de Longavi.Шаблон:Sfn The main phenocryst phase is plagioclase, followed by orthopyroxene and hornblende.Шаблон:Sfn The lava domes contain columnar forms exposed in cliffs and dense porphyries. Compared to other volcanoes in this sector of the Southern Volcanic Zone, Huequi's magmas are water-rich. This may explain some peculiarities about its eruptive activity, as the water escapes from the magma and leaves a viscous andesite.Шаблон:Sfn

Climate and vegetation

The region has a humid climate, with storm systems from the Pacific Ocean bringing about Шаблон:ConvertШаблон:Sfn or Шаблон:ConvertШаблон:Sfn of precipitation during autumn and winter. Mean annual temperatures are about Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn It is covered by the Valdivian rainforest, with Amomyrtus meli, Drimys winteri, Luma apiculata, Nothofagus nitida and Podocarpus as representative plant species.Шаблон:Sfn

Eruption history

Southeast of Huequi lie three small volcanoes, which probably erupted during the Pleistocene.Шаблон:Sfn Porcelana is of Pleistocene age.Шаблон:Sfn During the Holocene, the volcano repeatedly produced lava domes that frequently collapsed, and explosive eruptions that deposited tephra.Шаблон:Sfn The debris avalanche deposits consist of older volcanic rocks, pumice and lithics from the basement. The collapses were not energetic, with most of the debris being confined by the surrounding topography; their heavy vegetation cover indicates that they are older than the most recent eruption.Шаблон:Sfn Tephra layers in Lago Futalaufquen have been correlated to an eruption in AD 1645–1745.Шаблон:Sfn

There are sparse reports of eruptions between 1890–1920,Шаблон:Sfn with reports from the years 1890–91, 1893–94, 1895–96, 1906, 1917, 1920, and 1922.Шаблон:Sfn The activity was visible from ChiloeШаблон:Sfn and Puerto Montt.Шаблон:Sfn Some of this activity may relate to the 1906 Valparaíso earthquake.Шаблон:Sfn These eruptions reached a volcanic explosivity index of 2–3Шаблон:Sfn and deposited patches of tephra to the north of the volcano.Шаблон:Sfn Contemporary records indicate that the 1890 eruption deposited ash from Chiloe into Argentina.Шаблон:Sfn The tephra consists of red and black scoria and pumice, formed presumably by Vulcanian eruptions.Шаблон:Sfn The summit dome may have formed during this sequence.Шаблон:Sfn The volcano was reportedly "smoking" in 1935.Шаблон:Sfn

Porcelana geyser and Porcelana hot spring lie on the Ayacara Peninsula and are associated with Huequi.Шаблон:Sfn The Porcelana geysers have produced pinnacles of travertine reaching heights of Шаблон:Convert; this extreme size in a highly erosive environment may be due to microbial chemical processes.Шаблон:Sfn The area has good potential for geothermal energy.Шаблон:Sfn

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

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External links

Шаблон:Andean volcanoes

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