Английская Википедия:Hungarian Working People's Party
Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Infobox political party
The Hungarian Working People's Party (Шаблон:Lang-hu, abbr. MDP) was the ruling communist party of Hungary from 1948 to 1956.
It was formed by a merger of the Hungarian Communist Party (MKP) and the Social Democratic Party of Hungary (MSZDP).[1] Ostensibly a union of equals, the merger had actually occurred as a result of massive pressure brought to bear on the Social Democrats by both the Hungarian Communists, as well as the Soviet Union. The few independent-minded Social Democrats who had not been sidelined by Communist salami tactics were pushed out in short order after the merger, leaving the party as essentially the MKP under a new name. Its leader was Mátyás Rákosi until 1956, then Ernő Gerő in the same year for three months, and eventually János Kádár until the party's dissolution. Other minor legal Hungarian political parties were allowed to continue as independent coalition parties until late 1949 but were completely subservient to the MDP.
During the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the party was reorganized into the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (MSZMP) by a circle of communists around Kádár and Imre Nagy. The new government of Nagy declared to assess the uprising not as counter-revolutionary but as a "great, national and democratic event" and to dissolve State Security Police (ÁVH). Hungary's declaration to become neutral and to exit the Warsaw Pact caused the second Soviet intervention on 4 November 1956. After 8 November 1956, the MSZMP, under Kádár's leadership, fully supported the Soviet Union.
Leaders of the Hungarian Working People's Party
General/First Secretaries
| Шаблон:Abbr | Picture | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Position(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|1 | Файл:Mátyás Rákosi General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party.jpg | Mátyás Rákosi (1892–1971) |
12 June 1948 | 18 July 1956 | General Secretary |
| First Secretary (from 28 June 1953) | |||||
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|2 | Файл:Enro Gero (Hongarije), Bestanddeelnr 914-2279 (cropped).jpg | Ernő Gerő (1898–1980) |
18 July 1956 | 25 October 1956 | |
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|3 | Файл:János Kádár (fototeca.iiccr.ro).jpg | János Kádár (1912–1989) |
25 October 1956 | 31 October 1956 | |
Chairman
| Шаблон:Abbr | Picture | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="background-color:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"|1 | Файл:Szakasits Árpád 1949.jpg | Árpád Szakasits (1888–1965) |
12 June 1948 | 24 April 1950 | Also President (1948–1949) and Chairman of the Presidential Council (1949–1950) |
Electoral history
National Assembly elections
| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1949 | Mátyás Rákosi | Шаблон:Small | Шаблон:Composition bar | Шаблон:Increase 285 | Шаблон:Increase 1st | Шаблон:Yes2 | |
| 1953 | Шаблон:Composition bar | Шаблон:Decrease 79 | Шаблон:Steady 1st | Шаблон:Yes2 | |||
See also
References
Шаблон:Eastern Bloc parties Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Neubauer, John, and Borbála Zsuzsanna Török. The Exile and Return of Writers from East-Central Europe: A Compendium. New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2009. p. 140
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