Английская Википедия:Hurricane Carla tornado outbreak

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox storm Hurricane Carla triggered a destructive and deadly outbreak of 21 tornadoes in Alabama, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and Michigan that occurred from September 10–13, 1961. A total of 11 tornadoes touched down in Louisiana, and eight more in Texas. The strongest tornado of the outbreak was a Шаблон:Convert long, Шаблон:Convert wide F4 tornado that moved across Galveston Island in the early morning hours of Tuesday, September 12, 1961, killing eight people. This was the first of only two known violent tornadoes ever spawned by a hurricane with the other one happening during Hurricane Hilda in 1964. By the time it was over, the outbreak had killed 14 people, injured 337 others, and caused over $3.461 million in damage.

Meteorological synopsis

Файл:Carla 1961 track.png

Map plotting the track and the intensity of Hurricane Carla, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale.

As Hurricane Carla moved northwestward over the Gulf of Mexico on September 10, its outer rainbands began to spread over the Gulf Coast. Favorable shear profiles led to scattered tornadoes touching down across the region, including an F3 tornado that caused numerous casualties in Kaplan, Louisiana. More tornadoes touched down the next day as the system made landfall in Port O'Connor, Texas at peak intensity with Шаблон:Convert winds and a pressure of Шаблон:Convert. September 12 was the worst day of the outbreak with six significant (F2+) tornadoes touching down, including a violent F4 tornado in Galveston, Texas and an intense F3 tornado in Jonesboro, Louisiana, causing widespread destruction and 250 casualties. By September 13, a weaker Tropical Storm Carla was accelerating northward into Canada. Some scattered tornado activity occurred on this day before the outbreak came to an end.

Confirmed tornadoes

September 10 event

Confirmed tornadoes – Sunday, September 10, 1961Шаблон:RefnШаблон:Refn

F#	Location	County / Parish	State	Start Шаблон:Abbr	Time (UTC)	Path length	Шаблон:Abbr width	Summary
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F1	Alabama Port	Mobile	AL	Шаблон:Coord	20:55–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	A waterspout moved northwestward over Mobile Bay before moving ashore, damaging two homes and a store. Losses totaled $2,500.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F3	Kaplan to Cossinade	Vermilion	LA	Шаблон:Coord	22:50–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	1 death – This intense tornado touched down just outside of Kaplan and caused heavy damage as it moved over 21 blocks of the town. A total of 21 homes were destroyed while 55 others were damaged. It moved almost due north after that, passing near the town of Cossinade before dissipating. In all, 73 homes were destroyed or extensively damaged, while 175 others received minimal damage. A total of 55 people were injured and damage was estimated at $2.5 million.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F1	NE of Intracoastal City	Vermilion	LA	Шаблон:Coord	00:09–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Tornado moved through sparsely populated areas, causing $25,000.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F1	S of Gueydan	Vermilion	LA	Шаблон:Coord	00:12–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Tornado moved through sparsely populated areas, causing $25,000 in damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F2	Downtown Morgan City	St. Mary	LA	Шаблон:Coord	04:20–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Approximately 55 homes were unroofed or otherwise damaged. Losses totaled $25,000 and 16 people were injured.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F1	N of Patterson	St. Mary	LA	Шаблон:Coord	04:20–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Damage was estimated at $2,500.

September 11 event

Confirmed tornadoes – Monday, September 11, 1961Шаблон:RefnШаблон:Refn

F#	Location	County / Parish	State	Start Шаблон:Abbr	Time (UTC)	Path length	Шаблон:Abbr width	Summary
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F1	SE of Oldfield	Livingston	LA	Шаблон:Coord	17:10–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Tornado caused heavy tree damage with losses totaling $250,000.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F2	Alton to N of Colt	St. Tammany	LA	Шаблон:Coord	17:30–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Strong tornado destroyed small homes as it moved west along the north side of Slidell. Two people were injured and damage was estimated at $25,000.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F2	Van Vleck	Matagorda	TX	Шаблон:Coord	17:47–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Several buildings were damaged and two radio towers were destroyed northeast of Bay City. No damage estimate was given.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F0	Springfield	Tangipahoa, Livingston	LA	Шаблон:Coord	19:00–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Tornado moved west, passing south of Rosaryville and Pumpkin Center before crossing the Natalbany River and moving through Springfield. There was $25,000 in damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F3	Southern Jacksonville	Cherokee	TX	Шаблон:Coord	19:20–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Four homes were damaged, including one that was destroyed. Three people were injured and losses totaled $25,000. Grazulis classified the tornado as an F2.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F3	Channelview	Harris	TX	Шаблон:Coord	23:50–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Six commercial buildings and approximately 18 homes were destroyed by this intense tornado. At least 40 additional homes were damaged as well. Cars were tossed up to Шаблон:Convert. A total of 22 people were injured and losses totaled $200,000.

September 12 event

Confirmed tornadoes – Tuesday, September 12, 1961Шаблон:RefnШаблон:Refn

F#	Location	County / Parish	State	Start Шаблон:Abbr	Time (UTC)	Path length	Шаблон:Abbr width	Summary
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F4	Galveston (1st tornado)	Galveston	TX	Шаблон:Coord	09:15–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	8 deaths – This rare, violent tornado caused widespread destruction between 19th and 25th Street. 200 buildings suffered severe damage, including 60-75 that were destroyed, although no damage estimate was given. Several homes in the path of the tornado in Galveston were leveled to the ground, but hurricane-force winds may have weakened the structures beforehand. 200 people were injured. This tornado was the first of only two violent F4 tornadoes ever spawned by a tropical cyclone with the other coming from Hurricane Hilda in 1964.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F3	Galveston (2nd tornado)	Galveston	TX	Шаблон:Coord	12:00–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Strong tornado caused extensive damage to several commercial buildings and other structures and destroyed six homes, although no monetary damage value was given. Grazulis classified the tornado as an F2.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F3	Hardin	Liberty	TX	Шаблон:Coord	16:30–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Six homes were damaged, although no damage value was given.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F3	Jonesboro to Hodge	Jackson	LA	Шаблон:Coord	19:00–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	5 deaths – This devastating tornado, which was the largest of the outbreak, impacted Jonesboro before reaching its peak intensity when it moved through Hodge. Approximately 75 homes were severely damaged with 20 of them being destroyed, while 115 others received minimal damage before the tornado quickly dissipated. A total of 37 people were injured and damage was estimated at $250,000.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F2	S of Taylortown, LA to Blanchard Springs, AR	Union (LA), Union (AR)	LA, AR	Шаблон:Coord	21:00–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Tornado caused some damage in Rum Center, Louisiana before moving into Arkansas east of Junction City, Louisiana and Junction City, Arkansas, where several homes, barns, and other structures were destroyed or otherwise damaged. Losses were estimated at $50,000.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F3	NW of Fulbright	Red River	TX	Шаблон:Coord	21:45–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Several structures were impacted by this intense tornado, although no damage estimate was given. The tornado destroyed five homes. Grazulis classified the tornado as an F2.

September 13 event

Confirmed tornadoes – Wednesday, September 13, 1961Шаблон:RefnШаблон:Refn

F#	Location	County / Parish	State	Start Шаблон:Abbr	Time (UTC)	Path length	Шаблон:Abbr width	Summary
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F1	E of Roy	Bienville	LA	Шаблон:Coord	14:30–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Weak tornado occurred southeast of Castor, causing $250 in damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F2	Acme to Williamsburg to N of Kalkaska	Grand Traverse, Kalkaska	MI	Шаблон:Coord	20:12–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Strong tornado touched down on the eastern shore of Grand Traverse Bay east of Traverse City and northeast of Fivemile Corner and moved due east. Multiple homes were damaged and numerous trees uprooted, including several cherry trees. Losses totaled $25,000.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour | F2	Latex	Harrison	TX	Шаблон:Coord	23:05–?	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	Two homes and three garages were damaged. Two people were injured and losses totaled $5,000. The NCDC says the tornado caused $2,500 in damage.

See also

• List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
• List of tornadoes spawned by tropical cyclones
• Hurricane Rita tornado outbreak