Английская Википедия:Hurricane Frances tornado outbreak

Шаблон:Infobox storm The Hurricane Frances tornado outbreak was a widespread tornado outbreak associated with Hurricane Frances that came ashore on eastern Florida on September 4–5, 2004. Outer bands from the hurricane and its remnants, when it moved across the Appalachian Mountains, produced one of the largest tornado outbreaks ever spawned by a tropical cyclone in the United States in terms of number of tornadoes confirmed since records were kept in 1950. In addition, it was the largest tornado outbreak in South Carolina history, with nearly half of the tornadoes in that state.^[1]

At least 103 tornadoes were confirmed from September 4 to September 8 across the Southeast and Middle Atlantic States. However, Hurricane Beulah in 1967 and Hurricane Ivan, which affected western Florida less than two weeks after Frances, produced more tornadoes. Other tornadoes from a separate system were spawned in Iowa and Minnesota on September 5.^[2] Most of the tornadoes were weak F0's and F1's but a few strong tornadoes were produced across the Carolinas. In particular, an F3 affected areas near Camden, South Carolina producing extensive damage.^[3]

While the hurricane itself killed 49 including seven attributed directly to the storm, the tornadoes associated with Frances did not produce any direct fatalities.^[4] However, 13 people were injured in South Carolina by the storm including five from an F2 in Chesterfield County^[5] three others in Sumter County,^[6] three in the Gadsden area in Richland County,^[7] one near Camden in Kershaw County^[3] and one in Jasper County.^[8]

Background

Frances began as a tropical depression west-southwest of Cabo Verde on August 25 from a vigorous tropical wave that departed the coastline of Africa several days prior. As the system moved generally west-northwest, it grew steadily in strength, first to tropical storm strength later on August 25, and then hurricane intensity the next afternoon. After attaining its peak strength as a Category 4 hurricane while north of Puerto Rico, Frances made two landfalls as a major hurricane on San Salvador Island and subsequently Cat Island, in addition to two additional landfalls at Category 2 intensity on Eleuthera Island and Grand Bahama Island. High pressure built north of the cyclone by September 4, causing Frances to turn west and make landfall over the southern end of Hutchinson Island, Florida, with winds of Шаблон:Convert early on September 5. The system weakened over the state, briefly emerging into the northeastern Gulf of Mexico before making a final landfall at the mouth of the Aucilla River in Florida on the afternoon of September 6, with winds of Шаблон:Convert. Frances continued inland, ultimately dissipating over the Gulf of St. Lawrence late on September 10. Along its path, the storm accrued over $9 billion (2004 USD) in damage and resulted in 50 deaths.^[9]

The brunt of tornadic activity associated with Frances occurred on September 5 through September 8 as the system progressed northward across the East Coast of the United States. An attendant frontal boundary, originally positioned offshore on September 5, lifted northward across the region over subsequent days. Along the east-to-west-oriented boundary, low to moderate convective available potential energy, plentiful moisture, and strong low-level wind shear culminated in the development of several long-lived supercell thunderstorms within the outer rainbands of Frances. Like in most hurricanes, the concentration of rotating storms was focused well northeast of the storm's center. These supercells resulted in numerous tornadoes, including 45 in South Carolina on September 7 alone, setting a new daily record in the state previously held by 1994's Tropical Storm Beryl.^[10]^[11] Frances also spawned 14 tornadoes in Virginia, tying Hurricane Gaston from the same year as the fifth-most-prolific producer in the state.^[12] Overall, 106 tornadoes were confirmed in association with Frances, surpassed only by 127 with Hurricane Ivan and 115 associated with Hurricane Beulah.^[13]

Tornado table

Шаблон:Tornado Chart

Confirmed tornadoes

September 4 event

F#	Location	County	Time (UTC)	Path length	Damage
Florida
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of St. Cloud	Osceola	1404	0.1 miles (0.16 km)	A sheriff's vehicle was pushed off the road.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Gibsonia/Galloway area	Polk	0108	3.6 miles (5.8 km)	Weak tornado with no damage.
Source: Tornado History Project - September 4, 2004 Storm Data

September 5 event

F#	Location	County	Time (UTC)	Path length	Damage
Florida
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Fruit Cove area	St. Johns	0805	5 miles (8 km)	Weak tornado with little or no damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Citra area	Marion	0905	1 miles (1.6 km)	Some roof damage occurred.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Orange Park area	Clay	1110	1 miles (1.6 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Palm Coast area	Flagler	1220	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Caused minor damage to a few homes.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SE of Gopher Ridge	St. Johns	1225	3 miles (4.8 km)	Caused minor damage to a few homes.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Wellborn area	Suwannee	1730	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	W of Crescent City	Putnam	1813	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Minor property and tree damage occurred.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	N of Francis to Interlachen	Putnam	2150	10 miles (16 km)	A trampoline was picked up.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	High Springs area	Alachua	2200	5 miles (8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SE of Durbin	St. Johns	0515	1 miles (1.6 km)	Minor damage to homes occurred.
Georgia
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Shiloh	Lowndes	1915	0.2 miles (0.32 km)	Trees were uprooted, one of which was hurled into a garage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Darien area	McIntosh	2330	0.3 miles (0.5 km)	Trees and power lines were damaged, and a porch was ripped off a house.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NE of Riceboro	Liberty	0305	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage to tree limbs and a roof occurred.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Daniel	Bryan	0630	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees and power lines.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NE of Excelsior	Bulloch, Candler	0720	5 miles (8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
Source: Tornado History Project - September 5, 2004 Storm Data

September 6 event

F#	Location	County	Time (UTC)	Path length	Damage
South Carolina
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Jacksonboro	Colleton	1605	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	N of Hilton Head Island	Beaufort	1740	1 miles (1.6 km)	A picket fenced was knocked down. Part of the fence went through the door of a house. The roof of a house was partially lifted and then set back down. This caused some interior damage to the home.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	SE of Hardeeville	Jasper	1755	2 miles (3.2 km)	Damage mostly to trees, although one tree fell on a mobile home, injuring 1 occupant
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Fort Motte area	Calhoun	0620	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NE of Hardeeville	Jasper	0630	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SE of Dorchester	Dorchester	0655	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F2	Gadsden area	Richland	0746	2.5 miles (4 km)	3 mobile homes were destroyed with others damaged. Two businesses were damaged as well, and many trees and power lines were downed. 3 people were injured.
Florida
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Bartow	Polk	1332	0.3 miles (0.5 km)	Brief touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Jupiter area	Palm Beach	1940	0.2 miles (0.32 km)	Brief touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	Green Cove Springs area	Clay	2145	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	7 powerboats, 6 sailboats, and 1 boat house were destroyed. Trees were damaged as well.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Fruit Cove (1st tornado)	St. Johns	2210	1 miles (1.6 km)	Minor damage reported.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Fruit Cove (2nd tornado)	St. Johns	2220	1 miles (1.6 km)	Minor damage reported.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NE of Hudson	Pasco	0100	0.2 miles (0.32 km)	Damage limited to trees.
Georgia
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	NW of Fleming	Liberty	1200	8.5 miles (13.6 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	Savannah area	Chatham, GA, Jasper, SC	1402	6 miles (9.6 km)	Damage to trees and power lines. A fence was destroyed as well.
Source: Tornado History Project - September 6, 2004 Storm Data

September 7 event

F#	Location	County	Time (UTC)	Path length	Damage
Florida
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Hilden	St. Johns		0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Shingles were blown off of a roof.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Jacksonville area	Duval		1 miles (1.6 km)	A large oak tree was blown onto a home, another was blown onto a car, and two other oak trees greater than 12 inches in diameter were snapped off about 25 feet in the air. People in the area reported a roaring noise around the time of the damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	College Park area	St. Johns		0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Homes sustained minor damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Jacksonville Beach area	Duval		1 miles (1.6 km)	Multiple trees were downed, some of which landed on homes.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Candler area	Marion		0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Brief tornado caused no damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Interlachen area	Putnam		0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
South Carolina
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Allendale	Allendale	0820	2 miles (3.2 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	E of Columbia	Richland	0825	1 miles (1.6 km)	22 homes had light to moderate damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	N of Appleton	Allendale	0840	1 miles (1.6 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Columbia area	Richland	0917	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Barnwell	Barnwell	0935	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage to trees, power lines, and signs.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SE of Monetta	Aiken	1014	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F2	Millwood area	Sumter	1028	4 miles (6.4 km)	55 homes were damaged, with 9 destroyed. 3 people were injured
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	NE of Gillisonville	Jasper	1035	4 miles (6.4 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	NE of Woodrow	Lee	1140	4 miles (6.4 km)	Several homes and a cotton mill had moderate damage. Trees and power lines were downed as well.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Bishopville	Lee	1210	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage to a mobile home, trees, and power lines.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of Camden	Kershaw	1218	3 miles (4.8 km)	Minor damage to mobile homes occurred. Trees and power lines were knocked down as well.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	Cassatt area	Kershaw	1235	5 miles (8 km)	Damage to homes, mobile homes, and a turkey farm.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Jamison	Calhoun	1248	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage to trees and power lines.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Paxville	Clarendon	1248	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	E of Oakland	Sumter	1303	3 m1iles (4.8 km)	Several homes had light to moderate damage at Shaw Air Force Base.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	E of Elgin	Lancaster	1340	2 miles (3.2 km)	Several buildings at a turkey farm, mobile homes, and homes were damaged, some heavily.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F3	N of Camden	Kershaw	1415	7 miles (11.2 km)	Several outbuildings and mobile homes were destroyed, while several cinder block horse stables were heavily damaged. A horse trailer was also lifted on top of a stable. Numerous trees and power lines were downed.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F2	Tega Cay area	York, SC, Mecklenburg, NC	1443	3 miles (4.8 km)	Damage limited to trees, with some falling onto homes and automobiles in South Carolina. In North Carolina, several homes sustained damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Darlington	Darlington	1535	1.3 miles (2.1 km)	Damage limited to trees, though some fell onto homes.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	Cheraw area	Chesterfield	1540	8 miles (12.8 km)	Minor damage to several homes, businesses, and an elementary school. Numerous trees and power lines were downed.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Rowesville	Orangeburg	1545	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	S of Society Hill	Darlington	1610	0.7 miles (1.1 km)	One home had roof damage, and several trees were snapped.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	SE of Clio	Marlboro	1705	5 miles (8 km)	Several homes were damaged. Trees were snapped and uprooted.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	S of McColl	Marlboro	1727	0.3 miles (0.5 km)	A mobile home was destroyed.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	N of Mont Clare	Darlington	1811	0.1 miles (0.16 km)	Damage to several trees and a mobile home.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	SE of Sycamore	Hampton, Allendale	1830	4.5 miles (7.2 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SE of Society Hill	Chesterfield	1850	1 miles (1.6 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NE of Jenkinsville	Fairfield	1900	16 miles (25.6 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of Ehrhardt	Bamberg	1920	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage to trees and power lines.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Quinby area	Florence, Darlington	2045	1 miles (1.6 km)	Damage to trees and a billboard.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Gaddys Crossroads	Dillon	2211	1.3 miles (2.1 km)	A barn was destroyed and the roof of a shed was torn off. Several trees were downed, one of which landed on a house.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	W of Lebanon	Anderson	2230	1.2 miles (1.9 km)	A cattle shelter was destroyed and several trees were damaged.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	W of Rossville	Chester	2315	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Three small trailers were damaged or destroyed. A carport was also destroyed and one home was damaged. Several trees were blown down as well.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F2	E of Middendorf	Chesterfield	2323	7 miles (11.2 km)	Two mobile homes were destroyed and several others were damaged. Numerous trees and power lines were downed. 5 people were injured.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Bennettsville	Marlboro	0005	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	A porch at a church and a steel conveyor belt track were damaged.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	W of Barton	Allendale	0005	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	N of Martin	Allendale	0020	1 miles (1.6 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	SE of Adamsburg	Union	0300	4 miles (6.4 km)	Homes sustained roof and gutter damaged, and a mobile home was rolled. Many trees were downed as well.
North Carolina
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	SW of Chadbourn to NE of Orrum	Columbus, Robeson	1638	10 miles (16 km)	Three homes and businesses were destroyed, with four others damaged.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	NE of Morven	Anson	1724	2 miles (3.2 km)	Two turkey barns were destroyed, killing thousands of turkeys.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Lumberton area	Robeson	1747	0.1 miles (0.16 km)	Brief touchdown with no damage. Trees and power poles were downed as well.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	NW of Marietta	Robeson	1853	4.2 miles (6.7 km)	Four homes were damaged and a shed was destroyed.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of Arabia	Hoke	1856	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Brief touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Barnesville	Robeson	2110	1.6 miles (2.6 km)	One shed was destroyed and several trees were snapped.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	N of Rockfish	Hoke	0755	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Numerous trees were downed, damaging a roof and a car.
Source: Tornado History Project - September 7, 2004 Storm Data

September 8 event

F#	Location	County	Time (UTC)	Path length	Damage
North Carolina
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SE of Pleasant Grove	Northampton	1130	3 miles (4.8 km)	A storage trailer was rolled over, one home had roof damage, and trees were damaged.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of Vass	Moore	1425	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Brief touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	White Hill	Lee	1430	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	One home had roof damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Chapel Hill	Orange	1545	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Brief touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of Olivia	Harnett	1620	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	A few trees were damaged.
Maryland
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	W of McConchie	Charles		5 miles (8 km)	Shelters and storage facilities were damaged or destroyed and several homes sustained minor damage. One recreational van was flipped over. Numerous trees were downed, causing additional damage to homes and vehicles.
Virginia
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SE of Aylett	King William	1705	1 miles (1.6 km)	One home had roof damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F2	S of Bealeton	Fauquier	1720	1.5 miles (2.4 km)	A roof was peeled off one home and some of the outside walls showed signs of bowing. At another dwelling, a garage door was blown into the garage and out of the sidewall. Several projectiles were lodged in the south side of the house. Three large green houses and some portable outhouses were also damaged. Two Ryder trucks were overturned. One truck fell on a small pickup, which sustained considerable damage.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	NE of Opal	Fauquier	1730	0.8 miles (1.3 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	NE of Elkwood	Culpeper	1757	0.3 miles (0.5 km)	Tornado caused damage to a greenhouse complex. A 20-foot square building with a sturdy metal roof was completely destroyed. Two cars in a parking lot were moved and a pickup truck was tipped over.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F1	NW of Wrightsville to E of Daffan	Caroline, King George, Stafford	1825	17.8 miles (28.5 km)	Several buildings were damaged or destroyed. Trees were uprooted and boats were displaced.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of Aquia	Stafford, King William	1918	5.5 miles (8.8 km)	A few homes sustained minor damage, and extensive tree damage occurred.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of Sunny Side	Buckingham	1930	0.8 miles (1.3 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Kerfoot	Fauquier	2005	0.3 miles (0.5 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	S of Stringtown	Clarke	2030	0.3 miles (0.5 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	E of Truxillo	Amelia	2040	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Cunningham	Fluvanna	2040	1 miles (1.6 km)	Tornado destroyed a mobile home and blew the roof off of a house. Trees were downed as well.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	NW of Montpelier Station	Orange	2140	0.3 miles (0.5 km)	Damage limited to trees and wires.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	SW of Midlothian	Chesterfield	2215	0.5 miles (0.8 km)	Damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=#Шаблон:Storm colour \| F0	Richmond area	Henrico, Richmond		0.7 miles (1.1 km)	Structural damage to outbuildings and storage facilities. Businesses sustained minor damage as well.
Source: Tornado History Project - September 8, 2004 Storm Data

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

NWS Wilmington page of the Hurricane Frances Tornado Outbreak in southern South Carolina

Шаблон:2004 tornado outbreaks

[1] A look back at the April 13, 2020 tornado outbreak, WLTX, April 13, 2021

[2] Tornado History Project - Tornado Map

[NCDC:_Event_Details-3] 3,0 ^3,1 NCDC: Event Details

[4] NCDC Storm Events-Select State Шаблон:Webarchive

[5] NCDC: Event Details

[6] NCDC: Event Details

[7] NCDC: Event Details

[8] NCDC: Event Details

[Ftcr-9] Шаблон:Cite report

[10] Шаблон:Cite report

[11] Шаблон:Cite report

[12] Шаблон:Cite news

[13] Шаблон:Cite web

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Английская Википедия:Hurricane Frances tornado outbreak

Содержание

Background

Tornado table

Confirmed tornadoes

September 4 event

September 5 event

September 6 event

September 7 event

September 8 event

See also

References

External links

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Действия на странице

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