Английская Википедия:Hurricane Hernan (2002)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox weather eventШаблон:Infobox weather event/NWSШаблон:Infobox weather event/EffectsШаблон:Infobox weather event/Footer Hurricane Hernan was the second of three Category 5 hurricanes during the 2002 Pacific hurricane season. The twelfth tropical cyclone, tenth named storm and sixth hurricane of the season, Hernan originated from a tropical wave that formed in the Atlantic Ocean and crossed to the Pacific Ocean. The wave spawned a low-pressure area which organized into a tropical depression on August 30, a tropical storm on August 31 and a hurricane later that day.[1] Hernan rapidly intensified and reached peak intensity as a Category 5 storm on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale. Proceeding northwest, it maintained this strength for eight hours, but on September 2 it entered cooler waters and began to weaken. By September 6 it had degenerated into a remnant area of low pressure.[1]
Hernan was the second most intense hurricane of the season, and it maintained Category 5 status for the second-longest time of the season, behind Hurricane Kenna.Шаблон:EPAC hurricane best track Although Hernan remained far from land, swells of Шаблон:Nowrap Шаблон:Nowrap caused minor beach erosion along the coast of Mexico. In addition, an associated remnant plume of moisture generated light shower activity in southern California as it tracked just offshore.[2]
Meteorological history
Шаблон:Storm path On August 16, a tropical wave left the coast of Africa. It traveled westward across the Atlantic Ocean, crossing over Central America and emerging in the eastern Pacific, where it merged with a pre-existing Intertropical Convergence Zone disturbance. The system gradually developed moderate convection, and on August 30 it had developed sufficient convection to be designated Tropical Depression 10-E.[1] The depression produced persistent strong thunderstorms, primarily in two areas of deep convection located to the northeast and west of the center of circulation.[1] Although the center was elongated, wind shear over the system remained light and outflow was good, which led forecasters to predict modest intensification.[3] On the afternoon of August 30, banding features became evident, and the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Hernan with sustained winds of Шаблон:Convert.[4] Further organization occurred,[4] and the center of circulation became encircled by convective thunderstorms.[5] On August 31, the storm was upgraded to Hurricane Hernan as it moved northwestward about Шаблон:Convert southwest of Acapulco.[6]
Light wind shear and favorable ocean temperatures led to steady intensification of the storm, and satellite images indicated that an eye had developed late on August 31.[7] The storm quickly reached Category 3 major hurricane intensity on the Saffir–Simpson scale.[1] As Hernan continued strengthening, its eye became ragged,[8] while its lateral movement to the northwest rose to 17 mph around the southern periphery of a strong deep-layer ridge over the United States.[8] By September 1, the hurricane reached its peak intensity as a Category 5 hurricane, with 1-minute sustained winds of Шаблон:Convert and a minimum pressure of 921 mb (hPa).[1]
On September 2, Hernan began weakening after its cloud tops had warmed slightly. Soon after, an eyewall replacement cycle began,[9] causing the storm to be downgraded to Category 3 status, just before it turned slightly to the west later in the day.[10] The storm underwent another eyewall replacement cycle as winds decreased further.[11] As the storm entered cooler waters, it quickly weakened below major hurricane intensity.[1] Soon Hernan was downgraded to a Category 1 hurricane, and its eye became cloud-filled.[12] On September 5, Hernan was downgraded to a tropical storm[1] as the storm rapidly decayed despite developing a new band of convection.[13] Later in the day, the system was downgraded to a tropical depression as it began to lose its tropical characteristics.[1] Strong wind shear developed, weakening the depression further.[14] On September 6, the system degenerated into a remnant low-pressure system,[1] which spawned a remnant plume of moisture that meandered off the coast of California, producing light showers.[1]
Intensity
When Hernan intensified from a tropical storm into a Category 5 hurricane, it intensified at a rate of Шаблон:Nowrap, just under the threshold for "rapid intensification". However, for a 12-hour period from August 31 to September 1, it deepened at Шаблон:Nowrap, within the range of "explosive deepening" due to favorable conditions including light wind shear and warm water.[15]
Impact
Hurricane Hernan remained far from shore and caused little damage to land.[1] It brought light wind to Socorro Island off the coast of Mexico. Rough surf caused minor impact; in the open waters near the center of Hernan, waves generated by the storm were unofficially estimated to exceed Шаблон:Convert. However, official buoys reported swells of Шаблон:Convert.[16] Along the coast of Mexico, waves reached Шаблон:Nowrap, causing minor beach erosion.[17] A portion of Hernan's remnant moisture off the southern California coast produced light rainfall and slippery roads.[2]
See also
- Other tropical cyclones named Hernan
- List of Category 5 Pacific hurricanes
- List of California hurricanes
- Hurricane Linda (1997)
References
External links
Шаблон:Category 5 Pacific hurricanes Шаблон:2002 Pacific hurricane season buttons Шаблон:Good article
- ↑ 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 1,10 1,11 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- 2002 Pacific hurricane season
- Category 5 Pacific hurricanes
- Pacific hurricanes in Mexico
- Tropical cyclones in 2002
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии