Английская Википедия:Hyocholic acid

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Hyocholic acid or 3α,6α,7α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid is a bile acid found as one of the main forms in pig,[1] and at low concentrations in other species including humans.[2][3] Hyocholic acid differs from the primary bile acids found in humans by having a third hydroxyl group in the α-conformation at the 6-position, unlike cholic acid, which has a 12-hydroxyl, and chenodeoxycholic acid which has neither a 6- or 12-hydroxyl. It also differs from the muricholic acids found in rodents, as they are 6β-hydroxylated, and can have the 7-hydroxyl in either the α- or β- positions, forming α- or β-muricholic acids.

Hyocholic acid is conjugated in the liver before secretion with taurine or with glycine to give taurohyocholate or glycohyocholates. Bacterial 7α-dehydroxylation in the colon produces the secondary bile acid, hyodeoxycholic acid. Epimerization of the 7-hydroxyl to the β-position is found in ω-muricholic acid (also known as β-hyocholic acid).[4]

The enzyme responsible for the 6-hydroxylation reaction of chenodeoxycholic acid in the pig is the cytochrome P450 CYP4A21.[5]

Hyocholic acid can be found in humans with cholestasis[6] and may be increased after sleeve gastrectomy for obesity.[7]

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