Английская Википедия:IBM AN/FSQ-31 SAC Data Processing System
Шаблон:Use American English Шаблон:Use dmy dates The IBM AN/FSQ-31 SAC Data Processing SystemШаблон:R (FSQ-31, Q-31, colloq.) was a USAF command, control, and coordination system for the Cold War Strategic Air Command (SAC). IBM's Federal Systems DivisionШаблон:R was the prime contractor for the AN/FSQ-31s, which were part of the TBD 465L SAC Automated Command and Control System (SACCS),Шаблон:R a "Big L" system of systems (cf. 416L SAGE & 474L BMEWS(Шаблон:R which had numerous sites throughout the Continental United States: "all SAC command posts and missile Launch Control Centers"(e.g., The Notch), a communication network, etc.; and the several FSQ-31 sites including:
- Offutt AFB's "Headquarters SAC Command Center"Шаблон:R (DPC 1 & DPC 2 units)Шаблон:Citation needed
- Combat Operations Center, Fifteenth Air Force, at March AFB (DPC 3),Шаблон:Citation needed
- Barksdale AFB by March 1983.[1]
The FSQ-31 provided data to a site's Data Display CentralШаблон:R (DDC) "a wall display"Шаблон:R (e.g., Iconorama), and it arrived at Offutt in 1960.Шаблон:R On 20 February 1987, "SAC declared initial operational capability for the SAC Digital Network [which] upgraded the SAC Automated Command and Control system "[2]
Description
The FSQ-31 included:
- IBM 4020 Military Computer[3] with Programming and Numerical System and "Arithmetic Unit including storage access", liquid-cooled Ferrite Core storage (65,536 words), High-Speed Input/Output to the Drum Memory system,[4] and the Low-Speed Input/Output section to interface with several different devices:
- Electronic Data Transmission Communications Central (EDTCC) at 4 "zone-of-interior headquarters bases" for EDT with "outlying" Remote Communications Centrals (e.g., routing "to RCC's, computer (DPC's), or the display devices.")Шаблон:R
- Tape Controllers 1 and 2, connected to 16 IBM 729-V Tape Drives
- Disk File Controller, which was a modified Tape Controller, connected to the
- Bryant PH 2000 Disk File, which had 24 disks that were 39 inches in diameter, 125 read/write heads that were hydraulically actuated, and had a total capacity of 26 MB
- IBM 1401, which controlled data transfers from unit-record equipment:
- 2 IBM Selectric Typewriters, (I/O Typewriters) one of which was used for operational messages and the other for diagnostic messages and maintenance activities.
- Advanced Display ConsoleШаблон:R
- Drum memory system with controller and two vertical drum memory devices. Each drum read and wrote 50 bits at a time in parallel so transferring data could be done quickly. The drums were organized as 17 fields with 8192 words per field for a total capacity of 139264 words. The motors that rotated the drums required 208 VAC at 45 Hz so a motor generator unit was required to change the frequency from 60 Hz. This added to the noise level in the computer room.
- Rockwell-Collins modemШаблон:R
- Water chilling system for maintaining the liquid coolant temperature in the IBM 4020Шаблон:R
SACCS systems outside of the AN/FSQ-31 included the Subnet Communications Processor and the SACCS Software Test (SST) Facility at the Offutt command center (the backup SCP was at Barksdale AFB.)[5] SAC's QOR for the National Survivable Communications System (NSCS) was issued 13 September 1958;Шаблон:RШаблон:Rp and in September 1960 the "installation of a SAC display warning system" included 3 consoles in the Offutt command center.Шаблон:RШаблон:Rp
Initial weight: Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:R
Memory
The Q-31s were equipped with four 16 kiloword memory banks. The memory bank was oil and water cooled. Also considered as part of the memory subsystem in that they were addressed via fixed reserved memory addresses, were four 48 position switch banks, in which a short program could be inserted, and a plugboard, similar to the one used in IBM unit record equipment, that had the capacity of 32 words, so longer bootstrap or diagnostic programs could be installed in plug panels which could then be inserted into the receptacle and used. This served as a primitive ROM.
References
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ SAC missile chronology
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/4020/ Bitsavers.org IBM 4020 documentation
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
