Английская Википедия:IC codes

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Law enforcement in the United Kingdom IC codes (identity code) or 6+1 codes are codes used by the British police in radio communications and crime recording systems to describe the apparent ethnicity of a suspect or victim.[1] Originating in the late 1970s, the codes are based on a police officer's visual assessment of an individual's ethnicity, as opposed to that individual's self-definition.[2][3] In most circumstances where an individual's ethnicity is recorded after spoken contact with police (such as a "stop and search" or arrest), in addition to visual assessment police are also required to use the more extensive "18+1" self defined ethnicity codes, "even if the category chosen is clearly at odds with the officer’s visual assessment".[3]

Code Ethnicity[3]
IC1 WhiteNorth European
IC2 WhiteSouth European
IC3 Black
IC4 Asian (in the UK, "Asian" usually refers to South Asians)
IC5 Chinese, Japanese, or other Southeast Asian
IC6 Arab or North African
IC9 Unknown

The usage of IC codes in relation to individuals is recorded as part of information collected during activities including "stop and search", issuing of fixed penalties, arrest, and custody of individuals, and is recorded on a number of police databases.[3][4][5] This is as required under section 95 of the Criminal Justice Act 1991, which states that:

Шаблон:Quotation

The IC codes are also known as PNC or Phoenix Codes, or the 6+1 system. Other individuals involved in security and law enforcement, such as environmental enforcement officers, street wardens, guardians (Cheltenham), city guardians (Broad Street, Westminster City Council), police community support officers, revenue protection inspectors, security guards and door supervisors, also use IC codes on a regular basis.

Other uses

The IC classification has also been used in scientific research. In 2014, a global forensic database based on the IC codes was established. It contains the DNA microsatellite (short tandem repeat) profiles of 7,121 individuals from various parts of the world residing or applying to live in the UK and Ireland. The six-population database is used in a forensic setting to ascertain distant relatedness or ancestry according to the fixation index (FST) measure of genetic distance.[6]

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist