Английская Википедия:Ibn Mammati
Шаблон:Short description Al-As'ad ibn Muhadhdhab ibn Zakariyya ibn Kudama ibn Mina Sharaf al-Din Abu'l-Makarim ibn Sa'id ibn Abi'l-Malih ibn Mammati, better known simply by the family name Ibn Mammati, was an Egyptian official who served as head of the government departments under Saladin and his successor, al-Aziz Uthman, as well as being a noted poet and prolific writer.
Origin
Al-As'ad ibn Mammati hailed from a family of Coptic Christians from Asyut.Шаблон:Sfn He was born in 1149 in Egypt.Шаблон:Sfn His grandfather, Abu'l-Malih, entered the service of the then ruling Fatimid Caliphate and rose to become head secretary during the vizierate of Badr al-Jamali in the late 11th century.Шаблон:Sfn His father, Muhadhdhab, served as secretary of the army department (Шаблон:Transliteration) under the last Fatimid caliphs, and continued in office under Saladin (Шаблон:Reign), until his death in 1182.Шаблон:Sfn Due to the anti-Christian policies imposed by Saladin's uncle, Shirkuh, Muhadhdhab and his family converted to Islam, as did a number of other Fatimid-era officials at the time, in order to preserve their positions.Шаблон:Sfn It is likely that this explains the family name 'Ibn Mammati', as the latter might be a corruption of the Coptic Шаблон:Transliteration, 'Mohammedan'.Шаблон:Sfn
Life
Ibn Mammati succeeded his father as head of the Шаблон:Transliteration, and later was promoted to the headship of all the Шаблон:Transliterations, holding that position under Saladin as well as his successor, al-Aziz Uthman (Шаблон:Reign).Шаблон:Sfn He was a close friend and collaborator of Saladin's chief secretary, Qadi al-Fadil, but when the latter was replaced as vizier by Ibn Mammati's rival Safi al-Din Abdallah ibn Ali ibn Shukr, Ibn Mammati fell from favour. His property was confiscated, and he had to flee with his family to the court of al-Zahir, sultan of Aleppo.Шаблон:Sfn He died there in poverty on 29 November 1209, at the age of 62 Hijri years.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Works
Apart from his work as an administrator, Ibn Mammati is best known as a poet and writer.Шаблон:Sfn Qadi al-Fadil esteemed his eloquence and praised him as the "nightingale of councils".Шаблон:Sfn He is known to have written 23 works, but most have been lost.Шаблон:Sfn Chief among those were a biography of Saladin in verse, a verse version of the Kalīla wa-Dimna.Шаблон:Sfn Ibn Khallikan, in his famous biographical dictionary, reproduces some verses from a collection of his poetry, apparently compiled by Ibn Mammati's son.Шаблон:Sfn His most famous work today is the Kitāb Qawānīn al-Dawāwīn (Шаблон:Lang-ar), a four-volume guide to Egypt, its settlements, agricultural and irrigation systems, industries, taxation, mint, weights and measures, and a wealth of other information valuable to modern historians.Шаблон:Sfn
He is also the first author of a collection of satirical anecdotes known as Шаблон:Transliteration, or 'Book on the Stupidity in the Judgements of Qaraqush', lampooning his political rival, Baha al-Din Qaraqush. Begun by Ibn Mammati, its stories circulated widely in Egypt, and were collected and rewritten by Abu'l-Fadl Abd al-Rahman al-Suyuti (1445–1505) and Abd al-Salam al-Malki (1564–1668), and proved so popular that in subsequent centuries, the memory of the historical Qaraqush was obliterated and his name became "a symbol of a lunatic tyrant".Шаблон:Sfn
References
Шаблон:Sfn whitelist Шаблон:Reflist
Sources
- Шаблон:EI2
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary
- Шаблон:TDV Encyclopedia of Islam
- Шаблон:Saladin in Egypt
Further reading
- Английская Википедия
- 1149 births
- 1209 deaths
- Scholars from the Ayyubid Sultanate
- Saladin
- 12th-century Egyptian people
- Egyptian Sunni Muslims
- 12th-century Arabic-language poets
- 12th-century Arabic-language writers
- Converts to Sunni Islam from Christianity
- Egyptian people of Coptic descent
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
