Английская Википедия:Icelandic Air Policing

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Icelandic Air Policing is a NATO operation conducted to patrol Iceland's airspace. As Iceland does not have an air force, in 2006 it requested that its NATO allies periodically deploy fighter aircraft to Keflavik Air Base to provide protection of its airspace. The first deployment of aircraft took place in May 2008.

Background

As Iceland does not maintain an air force, the country was left without means to patrol its airspace when the United States Air Force (USAF) ceased deploying fighter units to Keflavik Air Base in September 2006, and the U.S. Iceland Defense Force was withdrawn. Following the American withdrawal Russian Air Force 37th Air Army aircraft entered Icelandic airspace on several occasions.

Prime Minister Geir Haarde requested that Iceland's NATO allies assume responsibility for protecting Iceland's airspace during the Riga Summit in November 2006. The North Atlantic Council agreed to this request at its July 2007 meeting. The other NATO member states who lack the ability to patrol their own airspace have similar arrangements in place. In March 2008, Prime Minister Haarde denied that the air policing operation was targeting Russian aircraft, and stated that "It is going to be a general patrolling exercise. We consider Russia to be our friends, by the way."

In contrast with the Baltic Air Policing mission, which involves the continuous presence of fighter aircraft from NATO countries at Šiauliai International Airport in Lithuania and Ämari Air Base in Estonia, the Icelandic government requested that NATO not maintain a permanent force at Keflavik. Instead, an average of three deployments are made per year, with each lasting from three to four weeks. Most deployments involve four fighter aircraft, though the number varies with some being larger.

As of January 2013, NATO had re-designated the deployments to Iceland as being the "Airborne Surveillance and Interception Capabilities to meet Iceland's Peacetime Preparedness Needs" mission, and emphasised to reporters that it was focused on training rather than air policing.

Since 2014 the aircraft deployed to Iceland have been placed on Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) status and flown armed patrols. While these tasks were not previously undertaken, it was decided to commence them in response to the deterioration in relations between Russia and NATO countries following the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation and the conflict in Donbass, Ukraine.

In 2018, the deployments to Iceland came under the Allied Air Command and were controlled by NATO's northern Combined Air Operations Centre at Uedem in Germany. The Combined Air Operations Centre manages NATO air policing north of the Alps, including by controlling the Baltic Air Policing operation.

In March 2022 it was reported that the Icelandic government was considering whether a continuous air policing presence was required due to the increased threat resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Formal discussions of the matter had not yet taken place.

Deployments

The following deployments have been made to Iceland:

Dates	Nationality	Air Force	Unit	Aircraft	Notes	Reference
5 May – 30 June 2008	Шаблон:FRA	French Air Force	EC 01.002 Cigognes	4 x Mirage 2000-5F	Deployment had a strength of 110 personnel
September 2008	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	48th Fighter Wing	? x F-15C Eagle
4 - 30 March 2009	Шаблон:DEN	Royal Danish Air Force	727 squadron, 730 squadron and Air Control Wing.	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	48 personnel deployed
? 2009	Шаблон:NOR	Royal Norwegian Air Force	338 skv & 331 skv	? x F-16AM Fighting Falcon
? 2009	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	?	?
1 – 31 March 2010	Шаблон:DEN	Royal Danish Air Force	727 squadron, 730 squadron and Air Control Wing.	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	This deployment included two ground intercept controllers from the Estonian Defence Forces.	Шаблон:R
1 – 25 June 2010	Шаблон:GER	German Air Force	Jagdgeschwader 71	6 x F-4F Phantom II
6 – 24 September 2010	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	493rd Expeditionary Fighter Squadron, 48th Fighter Wing	8 x F-15C Eagle	About 200 personnel deployed
28 March – 30 April 2011	Шаблон:CAN	Royal Canadian Air Force	409 Tactical Fighter Squadron	5 x CF-18 Hornet	About 140 personnel deployed
? 2011	Шаблон:NOR	Royal Norwegian Air Force	331 skv	? x F-16AM Fighting Falcon
? 2011	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	?
5 March – 2 April 2012	Шаблон:GER	German Air Force	Jagdgeschwader 71	6 x F-4F Phantom II
1 May – 7 June 2012	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	493rd Expeditionary Fighter Squadron	4 X F-15C Eagle	1 x KC-135 Stratotanker & 1 x C-130J Hercules supported deployment
7 August–20 September 2012	Шаблон:PRT	Portuguese Air Force	201 and 301 Squadrons	6 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Detachment had a strength of 70 military personnel
18 March – 28 April 2013	Шаблон:CAN	Royal Canadian Air Force	425 Tactical Fighter Squadron	6 x CF-18 Hornet	Detachment consisted of 1 x CC-150 Polaris & 160 Canadian Forces personnel
7 June – 10 July 2013	Шаблон:ITA	Italian Air Force	4° Stormo - 9° Gruppo	6 x Eurofighter Typhoon	2 x KC-767, 1 x C-130J Super Hercules and about 150 personnel deployed
November 2013	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	493rd Expeditionary Fighter Squadron, 48th Air Expeditionary Group	6 x F-15C Eagle	2 x Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker personnel deployed
27 January – 21 February 2014	Шаблон:NOR	Royal Norwegian Air Force	338 skv & 331 skv	6 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	About 110 personnel deployed
16 May – 5 June 2014	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	48th Air Expeditionary Group	6 x F-15C Eagle	1 x Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker & about 200 personnel deployed
10 October – 3 December 2014	Шаблон:CZE	Czech Air Force	211th Tactical Squadron	5 x JAS 39C Gripen	75 personnel deployed
17 April 2015 –	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	871st Air Expeditionary Squadron	4 x F-15C Eagle	1 x Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker and about 200 personnel deployed
27 July – 28 August 2015	Шаблон:CZE	Czech Air Force	211th Tactical Squadron	5 x JAS 39C Gripen	The detachment conducted 91 sorties, and included 8 pilots and 60 other personnel.
31 August – 1 October 2015	Шаблон:DEN	Royal Danish Air Force	?	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Detachment had a strength of 60 personnel
4–28 April 2016	Шаблон:USA	Massachusetts Air National Guard	131st Fighter Squadron	4 x F-15C Eagle	1 x Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker and about 160 personnel deployed
30 May 2016 – ??	Шаблон:NOR	Royal Norwegian Air Force	?	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	4 weeks June 2016 / About 80 personnel deployed
5 October – late October 2016	Шаблон:CZE	Czech Air Force	211th Tactical Squadron	5 x JAS 39C Gripen	75 personnel deployed
16 March – 14 April 2017	Шаблон:ITA	Italian Air Force	4° Stormo	6 x Eurofighter Typhoon	145 personnel deployed for 3.011 million Euro
18 May – Mid-June 2017	Шаблон:CAN	Royal Canadian Air Force	433 Tactical Fighter Squadron	6 x CF-18 Hornet	Detachment consisted of 154 personnel
23 August – Late September 2017	Шаблон:USA	Florida Air National Guard	159th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron	6 x F-15C Eagle	1 x KC-135, 1 x KC-10 aircraft and personnel from both the Louisiana and Florida Air National Guard. Detachment included approximately 280 personnel.
14 April 2018 - 30 May 2018	Шаблон:DEN	Royal Danish Air Force	Esk 730	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	Approximately 60 personnel
30 July - 31 August 2018	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	493rd Expeditionary Fighter Squadron	14 x F-15C Eagle	Included 300 personnel
4 September – 5 October 2018	Шаблон:ITA	Italian Air Force	37° Stormo - 18° Gruppo	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	120 personnel deployed
11 March 2019 – 11 April 2019	Шаблон:ITA	Italian Air Force	36° Stormo - 10° Gruppo & 12° Gruppo	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	130 personnel deployed
29 July - 10 August 2019	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	480th Fighter Squadron	5 x F-16C	Over 100 personnel deployed
1 – 25 October 2019	Шаблон:ITA	Italian Air Force	32° Stormo - 13° Gruppo	6 x F-35A Lightning II	F-35's first Icelandic Air Policing deployment. 1 x KC-767 supported deployment
13 November – 10 December 2019	Шаблон:UK	Royal Air Force	No. 1 Squadron	4 x Eurofighter Typhoon	Approximately 100 personnel
21 February – March 2020	Шаблон:NOR	Royal Norwegian Air Force	332 Squadron	4 x F-35A Lightning II	130 military and civilian personnel
9 June – mid-July 2020	Шаблон:ITA	Italian Air Force	32° Stormo - 13° Gruppo	6 x F-35A Lightning II	135 military personnel
13 October 2020 - ?	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	493rd Expeditionary Fighter Squadron, 48th Fighter Wing	? x F-15C Eagle
22 February – 5 March 2021	Шаблон:NOR	Royal Norwegian Air Force	332 Squadron	4 x F-35A Lightning II	130 military personnel
July 2021	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	493rd Fighter Squadron, 48th Fighter Wing	3 x F-15C Eagle, 1 x F-15E Strike Eagle
5 August 2021 – 10 October 2021	Шаблон:POL	Polish Air Force	32nd Air Base	4 x General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon	140 personnel
1 February – 30 March 2022	Шаблон:PRT	Portuguese Air Force	301 Squadron	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon	155 military personnel
25 April – 4 July 2022	Шаблон:ITA	Italian Air Force	32° Stormo - 13° Gruppo	4 x F-35A Lightning II 2 x F-35B Lightning II	130+ military personnel. F-35Bs deployed for one week; 1 x KC-767 & 1 x C-130J supported deployment.
17 August 2022 – Mid-September 2022	Шаблон:DEN	Royal Danish Air Force	Esk 727 & Esk 730	4 x F-16AM Fighting Falcon
20 January 2023 – 9 February 2023	Шаблон:NOR	Royal Norwegian Air Force	332 Squadron	4 x F-35A Lightning II	Approximately 100 personnel
22 October 2023 – 12 November 2023	Шаблон:USA	United States Air Force	480th Fighter Squadron	4 x F-16C	Approximately 100 personnel
15 January – mid-February 2024	Шаблон:NOR	Royal Norwegian Air Force	331 Squadron	4 x F-35A Lightning II	Approximately 100 personnel

A planned deployment of four British Royal Air Force Eurofighter Typhoons from No. 3 (F) Squadron in December 2008 was cancelled as a result of the Icesave dispute between Britain and Iceland. Poland also cancelled a planned deployment of F-16 fighters to Iceland in 2010 due to the impact of the financial crisis of 2007–2010. As part of the terms of an agreement signed in March 2019 between the British and Icelandic governments, the RAF was scheduled to undertake an air policing deployment to Iceland in 2019.

Fighter aircraft deployed to Iceland are accompanied by NATO Boeing E-3 Sentry AWACS aircraft to enhance the Iceland Air Defence System radar network as well as other supporting aircraft as required.

In addition to the NATO deployments, fighter aircraft from Finland and Sweden have also undertaken training in Iceland.

See also

• Baltic Air Policing

External links

• Шаблон:Commons category-inline