Английская Википедия:Identity and Democracy

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:About Шаблон:EngvarB Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox European Parliament group

Identity and Democracy (Шаблон:Lang-fr, ID) is a right-wing[1][2][3] to far-right[4][5][6] political group of the European Parliament, launched on 13 June 2019 for the Ninth European Parliament term. It is composed of nationalist, right-wing populist and eurosceptic national parties from ten European nations. It is the successor to the Europe of Nations and Freedom group formed during the eighth term.

History

In April 2019, the Danish People's Party and the Finns Party (at the time members of the European Conservatives and Reformists) announced their intention to form a new grouping with Alternative for Germany, formerly of the ECR, ENF and EFDD groups, and Italy's League following the 2019 elections.[7] AfD spokesman Jörg Meuthen appeared alongside Northern League leader Matteo Salvini to formally announce the formation of the new European political alliance with the Finns Party and Danish People's Party which was provisionally named European Alliance for People and Nations.[8]

On 12 June 2019, it was announced that the group would be named "Identity and Democracy" (ID), include Italy's League (LSP), the French National Rally (RN) and Alternative for Germany as member parties, and be a successor to the Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF).[9] The Finns Party also joined the group.[10] Lega MEP Marco Zanni was announced as the new group's chairman.[11] The group, composed at that time of 73 MEPs, was launched in Brussels by RN leader Marine Le Pen on 13 June 2019. It was expanded to include former ENF members Vlaams Belang and the Freedom Party of Austria, as well the new Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) party from the Czech Republic and the Conservative People's Party of Estonia.[6][5]

The Dutch Party for Freedom (PVV) failed to secure any seats at the election; however, it gained one in the post-Brexit apportionment of seats. Before Brexit occurred, Party leader Geert Wilders stated his intention to align the PVV with ID, provided that the post-Brexit apportionment was confirmed by the European Council.[12][13] PVV MEP Marcel de Graaff subsequently took the seat, but in 2022 defected to the Forum for Democracy, citing his support for the FvD's policies against the COVID-19 vaccine. The FvD accordingly changed it affiliation from the ECR group to Identity and Democracy.

In 2023, the FvD was suspended from the group after de Graaf shared messages on Twitter supportive of Putin following the Russian invasion of Ukraine and later quit the group citing difference in views on the matter.[14][15]

Although political commentators have noted the group contains members who have called for Europe to open up relations with Putin's government, the group has taken a pro-Ukraine stance and voted in support of a motion in the European Parliament to condemn "Russian aggression against Ukraine" following the Russian invasion of the country.[16]

In April 2023, the Finns Party changed membership to the European Conservatives and Reformists group citing their change in policy to support NATO membership as the reason for the move.[17]

Ideology

The group lists its core priorities as protecting European cultural heritage and the sovereignty of European nations, creating jobs and growth, increasing security, stopping illegal immigration, regulating legal immigration, fighting EU bureaucracy and preventing what it describes as the potential Islamisation of Europe. Identity and Democracy also opposes the possible accession of Turkey to the European Union.[18] The group calls for a Europe based on cooperation and further reforms of the EU through "more transparency and accountability" at Brussels, but rejects any further evolution towards a European Superstate.[19] Political commentators have variously described Identity and Democracy as nationalist, right-wing populist and Eurosceptic, although the group emphasises itself as sovereigntist as opposed to "anti-European".[20]

Group members

Файл:Identity and Democracy European MEPs.svg
Identity and Democracy has MEPs in 10 member states. Dark blue indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light blue indicates member states sending a single MEP.

9th European Parliament

Шаблон:Main

State National party Шаблон:Nowrap MEPs[21]
Шаблон:Flag Freedom Party of Austria
Шаблон:Lang (FPÖ) 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | ID Party Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag Flemish Interest
Шаблон:Lang (VB) 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | ID Party Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag Freedom and Direct Democracy
Шаблон:Lang (SPD) 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | ID Party Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag Danish People's Party
Шаблон:Lang (DF) 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | None Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag Conservative People's Party of Estonia
Шаблон:Lang (EKRE) 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | ID Party Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag National Rally
Шаблон:Lang (RN) 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | ID Party Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag Alternative for Germany
Шаблон:Lang (AfD) 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | ID Party Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag League
Шаблон:Lang 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | ID Party Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag Total Шаблон:Composition bar

Former members

State National party Шаблон:Nowrap New group MEPs[22]
Шаблон:Flag Finns Party
Шаблон:Lang 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | None style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | ECR Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Flag Forum for Democracy
Forum voor Democratie (FvD) 		style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | None style="background:Шаблон:Party color" | Non-Inscrits Шаблон:Composition bar

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:European Parliament groups

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Разное

  1. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок politico_right не указан текст
  2. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок clifford_chance не указан текст
  3. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок euractiv_right не указан текст
  4. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок other-far-right не указан текст
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок ap не указан текст
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок reuters не указан текст
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite press release
  19. ↑ https://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/kantodev/pages/102/attachments/original/1582196570/EN_Statutes_of_the_ID_Group.pdf?1582196570 Шаблон:Bare URL PDF
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Identity_and_Democracy&oldid=15371173