Английская Википедия:Ifugao language

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox language

Ifugao or Batad is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in the northern valleys of Ifugao, Philippines. It is a member of the Northern Luzon subfamily and is closely related to the Bontoc and Kankanaey languages.[1] It is a dialect continuum, and its four main varieties—such as Tuwali—are sometimes considered separate languages.[2]

Loanwords from other languages, such as Ilokano, are replacing some older terminology.[3]

Dialects

Ethnologue reports the following locations for each of the four Ifugao languages.

  • Amganad Ifugao: spoken in Hungduan and Banaue municipalities of Ifugao Province, and into southwestern Mountain Province. 27,100 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Burnay Ifugao and Banaue Ifugao.
  • Batad Ifugao (Ayangan Ifugao): spoken in central Ifugao Province. There are also some speakers in Isabela Province, on the eastern shore of the Magat reservoir. 10,100 speakers as of 2002. Dialects include Ducligan Ifugao.
  • Mayoyao Ifugao (Mayaoyaw): spoken in Ifugao Province, (northern Mayoyao, Aguinaldo, and Alfonso Lista municipalities) and Mountain Province (2 small border areas). 30,000 speakers as of 2007.
  • Tuwali Ifugao (Gilipanes, Ifugaw, Kiangan Ifugao, Quiangan, Tuwali): spoken in southern Ifugao Province. 30,000 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Hapao Ifugao, Hungduan Ifugao, and Lagawe Ifugao.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Nasal m n ŋ
Fricative h
Lateral l
Approximant w j
  • Other sounds such as /s/ and /r/ occur in loanwords.

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i ʊ ~ u
Mid ɛ ə ɔ
Open a
  • /ʊ/ can also be heard as close-back [u].
  • /ə/ does not exist in the Tuwali dialect.[4]
  • /i/ can also be heard as [ɪ].[5]

Orthography

The unified Ifugao alphabet is as follows: A, B, D, E, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, Ng, O, P, T, U, W, Y. The letters are pronounced differently depending on the dialect of the speaker.[6]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Languages of the Philippines Шаблон:Philippine languages Шаблон:Austronesian languages

  1. (Lebar, 1975: 78)
  2. (Newell and Poligon, 1993)
  3. Шаблон:Cite news
  4. Шаблон:Cite book
  5. Шаблон:Cite book
  6. Hay Mahun an Bahaon, A Pre-Primer in Ayangan Ifugao. Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1984.