Английская Википедия:Ilanz/Glion

Ilanz/Glion (Шаблон:Lang-de Шаблон:IPA-de; Шаблон:Lang-rm Шаблон:IPA-rm) is a municipality in the Surselva Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Castrisch, Ilanz, Ladir, Luven, Pitasch, Riein, Ruschein, Schnaus, Sevgein, Duvin, Pigniu, Rueun, and Siat merged into the new municipality of Ilanz/Glion.^[1]

History

Settlement	First mention		Ref.
Settlement	Date	Name	Ref.
Castrisch	765	Castrices	^[2]
Ladir	c. 850	Leitura	^[3]
Luven	765	Lobene	^[4]
Pitasch	c. 801–850 from a 16th-century copy of the lost original	Pictaui
Pitasch	960	in Pictaso	^[5]
Riein	765	Renino
Riein	960	Raine	^[6]
Ruschein	765	Rucene	^[7]
Schnaus	c. 840	Scanaues	^[8]
Sevgein	c. 840	Soviene	^[9]
Duvin	c. 840	Auna
Duvin	1290	Aiuns	^[10]
Rueun Ruis until 1943	765	Ruane	^[11]
Siat Seth until 1943	c. 840	Septe	^[12]

Ilanz

Ilanz is first mentioned in 765 as Iliande.^[13] Ilanz became the capital of the newly formed Grey League in 1395. The Grey League was the second of Three Leagues which eventually formed canton Graubünden. Johannes von Ilanz, the Abbott of Disentis, was among the three nobles instrumental in creating this "eternal alliance."

Ilanz has a special place in the history of the Protestant Reformation. In the 1520s, the Diet of Ilanz declared that citizens of the Three Leagues should be free to choose between Catholicism and the Protestant forms of Christianity rising to the fore. Шаблон:Citation needed span These and other events resulted in a counter-reformation within the Swiss Confederation that reversed many of the gains of the Reformation in Switzerland.^[14]

Pigniu

Pigniu was probably settled from Andiast. The name Pingyow first appears in 1403. The German name Panix is first mentioned in 1522. Until 1984 Pigniu was known as Pigniu/Panix.

The Church of St. Valentin was dedicated in 1465 and was a popular goal of pilgrimages. Until 1667, Pigniu had its parish.

On 7 October 1799, the Russian Army under command of Field Marshal Suvorov crossed the Pigniu pass.^[15]

Geography

The former municipalities that now makeup Ilanz/Glion have a total combined area of Шаблон:Swiss area.Шаблон:Swiss area data

Demographics

The total population of Ilanz/Glion (Шаблон:As of) is Шаблон:Swiss populations.Шаблон:Swiss populations ref

The historical population is given in the following chart:^[16] <timeline> Colors=

 id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
 id:darkgrey  value:gray(0.8)

ImageSize = width: auto height:650 barincrement:45 PlotArea = top:20 left:40 bottom:90 right:35 Legend = columns:4 left:20 top:70 columnwidth:160 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:5000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:200 start:0 Colors=

id:CA     value:yellowgreen      legend:Castrisch
id:IL     value:green          legend:Ilanz
id:LA    value:blue           legend:Ladir
id:LU    value:red     legend:Luven
id:PI     value:yellow      legend:Pitasch
id:RI     value:orange      legend:Riein
id:RU     value:coral      legend:Ruschein
id:SC     value:powderblue      legend:Schnaus
id:SE     value:tan2      legend:Sevgein
id:DU     value:pink          legend:Duvin
id:PG    value:brightblue           legend:Pigniu
id:RE    value:purple    legend:Rueun
id:SI     value:lavender      legend:Siat

PlotData=

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 bar:1960 from: 0 till:371 text:"371" color:CA
 bar:1970 from: 0 till:335 text:"335" color:CA
 bar:1980 from: 0 till:267 text:"267" color:CA
 bar:1990 from: 0 till:337 text:"337" color:CA
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</timeline>

Weather

Ilanz has an average of 112.6 days of rain per year and on average receives Шаблон:Convert of precipitation. The wettest month is August during which time Ilanz receives an average of Шаблон:Convert of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 11.4 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is June, with an average of 11.5, but with only Шаблон:Convert of precipitation. The driest month of the year is October with an average of Шаблон:Convert of precipitation over 11.4 days.^[17]

Pigniu has an average of 166.3 days of rain or snow per year and on average receives Шаблон:Convert of precipitation. The wettest month is August during which time Pigniu receives an average of Шаблон:Convert of rain or snow. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 16 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is May, with an average of 16.6, but with only Шаблон:Convert of rain or snow. The driest month of the year is October with an average of Шаблон:Convert of precipitation over 16 days.^[18]

Sights

Файл:Kirche von Ladir.jpg

Church of Ladir

The village Church of St. Zeno in Ladir was first mentioned in 998. The choir wall paintings are worth seeing. Additionally, the municipality has an excellent view of the surrounding mountains and valleys. The ruins of Grüneck Castle (Ruine Grüneck), destroyed before 1544, are visible today in Ilanz village.

Heritage sites of national significance

The Church of S. Margreta and the Church of S. Martin in Ilanz along with the Swiss Reformed Church building in Pitasch are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance.^[19]

The Reformed Church in Pitasch was built in the mid-12th century into its current form. The church floorplan is a single nave church with a single half-round apse. The interior murals date to about 1420, and on the exterior south wall is a mural of St. Martin and St. Christopher from the studio of the unknown Waltensburg Master which was painted about 1340.^[20]

Church of S. Martin

Church of S. Martin
Exterior of the Church in Pitasch

Exterior of the Church in Pitasch
Interior of the church in Pitasch

Interior of the church in Pitasch
St. Christopher (Christoforus) in Pitasch

St. Christopher (Christoforus) in Pitasch

Other sites

The ruins of Grüneck Castle (Ruine Grüneck), destroyed before 1544, are visible today. A Carolingian hoard of two ornately decorated salt containers and coins was discovered near the ruins of the castle in 1811. One of the containers, which is made from antler and T-shaped, is now kept in the British Museum.^[21] A hoard of forty Carolingian gold coins, including nine denier,^[22] known as the Ilanz Hoard was discovered near the castle in 1904. In addition to the Carolingian coins, the horde contained Lombard and Arab coins. About 142 coins from discoveries near the castle are kept at the Rätisches Museum in Chur.^[23]

Transportation

Файл:Rafting to Versam.jpg

Rafting from Ilanz to Versam

The municipality has three railway stations: Шаблон:Rws, Шаблон:Rws, and Шаблон:Rws. All three are located on the Reichenau-Tamins–Disentis/Mustér line with regular service to Шаблон:Rws and Шаблон:Rws.

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Municipalities of the Surselva Region

Шаблон:Authority control

↑ Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Шаблон:In lang accessed 13 December 2014
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Durant, Will, The Reformation, A History of European Civilization from Wyclif to Calvin: 1300-1564, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, 403-414.
↑ Шаблон:HDS
↑ Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Шаблон:Webarchive Шаблон:In lang accessed 29 January 2011
↑ Шаблон:Cite web, the weather station elevation is 705 meters above sea level.
↑ Шаблон:Cite web, the weather station elevation is 1325 meters above sea level.
↑ Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance Шаблон:Webarchive 21.11.2008 version, Шаблон:In lang accessed 10-Nov-2009
↑ Шаблон:Cite book
↑ British Museum Collection
↑ Шаблон:Cite book
↑ Шаблон:Cite web

[Mutation-1] Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Шаблон:In lang accessed 13 December 2014

[HDS_Castrisch-2] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Ladir-3] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Luven-4] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Pitasch-5] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Riein-6] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Ruschein-7] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Schnaus-8] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Sevgein-9] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Duvin-10] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Rueun-11] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Siat-12] Шаблон:HDS

[HDS_Ilanz-13] Шаблон:HDS

[14] Durant, Will, The Reformation, A History of European Civilization from Wyclif to Calvin: 1300-1564, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, 403-414.

[HDS_Pigniu-15] Шаблон:HDS

[16] Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Шаблон:Webarchive Шаблон:In lang accessed 29 January 2011

[MeteoSchweiz-17] Шаблон:Cite web, the weather station elevation is 705 meters above sea level.

[MeteoSchweizPigniu-18] Шаблон:Cite web, the weather station elevation is 1325 meters above sea level.

[19] Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance Шаблон:Webarchive 21.11.2008 version, Шаблон:In lang accessed 10-Nov-2009

[Flüeler-20] Шаблон:Cite book

[21] British Museum Collection

[22] Шаблон:Cite book

[23] Шаблон:Cite web

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