Английская Википедия:Illescas, Toledo
Шаблон:Infobox settlement Illescas is a town and municipality of Spain located in the province of Toledo, Castilla–La Mancha.[1] The municipality spans across a total area of 56.75 km2 and, as of 1 January 2020, it has a registered population of 30,229,[1] which makes it the third most populated municipality in the province. It belongs to the traditional comarca of La Sagra.
Name
The first name reported in the middle ages was that of Elesches.Шаблон:Sfn Ensuing variations include Ilesches, Ilescas, Ailescas, Hilesques, Ylesches and Hylesques.Шаблон:Sfn
A tentative identification with Egelesta, mentioned in classical sources such as Ptolemy, has been proposed.Шаблон:Sfn It may be thus related to the Iberian-Basque 'egi-' ("hill line", "hillside"), whereas other authors relate Illescas to the proto-indoeuropean 'il' ("city").Шаблон:Sfn
History
Placed within the municipal limits to the southwest of the town, El Cerrón archaeological site was a Carpetani settlement.Шаблон:Sfn
Illescas was acquired by Alfonso VII from the Bishop of Segovia in exchange of Aguilafuente and Bobadilla.Шаблон:Sfn A population charter was granted in 1154, bestowing a number of privileges to the Gascon settlers.Шаблон:Sfnm It was effectively transferred to Archbishop Шаблон:Ill in 1176,Шаблон:Sfn hereby becoming a seigneurial dominion of the Mitre of Toledo.Шаблон:Sfn In the 14th century, the inhabitants sought to free themselves from the ecclesiastical yoke, which was however confirmed by the Crown in 1329, although the monarch retained control over the morería and the judería.Шаблон:Sfn The town was sacked in 1441.Шаблон:Sfn By the 15th century, Illescas was a walled town that enjoyed an important marketplace and levied a gate tax (from which Madrilenians were exempted).Шаблон:Sfn It was incorporated to the Crown in May 1575, hereby becoming a Шаблон:Ill town ('royal demesne').Шаблон:Sfnm
The town gained a railway link in 1876.
The town's population experienced a steady growth throughout the 20th century.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Refn Population boomed in the first two decades of the 21st century, roughly increasing threefold.[2] Thanks to the location, communications and available land, Illescas became a major logistics centre in Spain by the early 21st century.[3][4]
Geography
The town is located on a plain between Madrid and Toledo. It belongs to the region of La Sagra and to the north borders with Casarrubuelos, Cubas de la Sagra, Torrejón de la Calzada and Torrejón de Velasco. To the east it borders with Yeles and the house of Campsota. To the south it borders with Numancia de la Sagra and to the west it borders with Cedillo del Condado, El Viso de San Juan, Ugena, Carranque and the west of Toledo.
Monuments
- Arco de Ugena is the remaining fragment of the old Puerta de Ugena, a door made of wood in the Mudéjar style. The wall had five doors and the Arco de Ugena is the last one standing. It is thought to have been built in the 11th century, when Alfonso VI wanted to wall the village.
- Convento de la Concepción de la Madre de Dios was built in 1514 by Cardinal Cisneros. The first mother superior, Inés de la Concepción, was Cardinal Cisneros's cousin.
- Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Caridad was built between the 16th and 17th centuries.
- Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Caridad was built in 1500. It hosts five paintings by El Greco: Saint Ildefonsus and four of the five painted for its high altarpiece (Charity, Coronation of the Virgin, Nativity and Annunciation).
- Iglesia parroquial and Torre Mudéjar; in 1920 this was declared a national monument.
- Calle Real is a densely populated main street.
- Plaza de las Cadenas is located in front of the Iglesia de la Caridad, next to the ent.
- Olmo del Milagro is a 500-year-old elm.
References
- Informational notes
- References
- Bibliography
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
Шаблон:Municipalities in Toledo Шаблон:Authority control
