Английская Википедия:Imperial Order of the Yoke and Arrows

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The Imperial Order of the Yoke and Arrows (Шаблон:Lang-es) was a Spanish state and military order. It was established in 1937 under the dictatorship of Caudillo Francisco Franco and discontinued in 1976 following Franco's death and during the Spanish transition to democracy. The order was formally abolished in October 2022 under the Democratic Memory Law. The order came in five grades.

History

The Imperial Order of the Yoke and Arrows was established on 1 October 1937 by Francisco Franco during the second year of the Spanish Civil War. The symbol of the yoke and arrows, known in Spanish as the yugo and flechas, was a symbol of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain during the late 15th and early 16th century, but was also used as a symbol of Falangism. The motto of the order was "To Caesar what is Caesar's and to God what is God's," in reference to Jesus' saying from Chapter 22 in the Gospel of Matthew. On 27 January 1943, a decree established that the award would be one of the leaders of the Falangist movement in Francoist Spain. The award was discontinued in 1976 during the Spanish transition to democracy but was not formally abolished until 2022.

Notable recipients

Spanish recipients

• Шаблон:Flagicon Шаблон:Ill, 19 May 1939 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Шаблон:Ill, 18 July 1952 (Commendation with Plaque)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Francisco Corbellini Obregón, 18 July 1952 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Manuel Díez-Alegría, 18 July 1969 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Francisco Franco, 1 October 1937 (Grand Collar)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Cristóbal González-Aller y Balseyro, 18 July 1952 (Commendation with Plaque)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Leonardo López Fernández, 18 July 1952 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon José Martínez Maza, 18 July 1952 (Commendation with Plaque)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Aurelio Morazo Palomino, 18 July 1952 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Francisco Priede González, 18 July 1952 (Medal)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Manuel María Rincón, 19 March 1940 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Adolfo Suárez, 4 July 1975 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Theo Roger, 19 March 1940 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Luis Vilches, 18 July 1952 (Medal)

Foreign recipients

• Шаблон:Flagicon Arturo Bocchini, 19 May 1939 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Óscar Carmona, 19 May 1939 (Grand Collar)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Francisco Craveiro Lopes, 14 May 1953 (Grand Collar)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Faisal II of Iraq, 18 May 1956 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Heinrich Himmler, 19 May 1939 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Adolf Hitler, 4 October 1937 (Grand Collar)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Georg Kolbe, 19 May 1939 (Commendation with Plaque)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Hans Lammers, 9 February 1941 (Medal)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Giandomenico De Marchis, 19 May 1939 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Mohammed V of Morocco, 3 April 1956 (Grand Collar)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Eugenio Morelli, 7 May 1940 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Benito Mussolini, 4 October 1937 (Grand Collar)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Ettore Muti, 3 June 1940 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Hugh Pollard, 4 October 1937 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Claro M. Recto, 19 March 1940 (Commendation)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Joachim von Ribbentrop, 28 May 1940 (Grand Collar)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Nuri al-Said, 1 April 1952 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Saud of Saudi Arabia, 1 April 1952 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Sami Solh, 1 April 1952 (Grand Cross)
• Шаблон:Flagicon Victor Emmanuel III, 4 October 1937 (Grand Collar)

Gallery

• Coat of arms of Francisco Franco with the award

  Coat of arms of Francisco Franco with the award

• Medal of the award

  Medal of the award

See also

• Order of Cisneros