Английская Википедия:Inagua

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Шаблон:Infobox settlement

Inagua is the southernmost district of the Bahamas, comprising the islands of Great Inagua and Little Inagua. The headquarters for the district council are in Matthew Town.[1]

History

The original settlers were the Lucayan people, who arrived sometime between 500 and 800 CE, crossing in dugout canoes from Hispaniola and/or Cuba to the Bahamas.[2]

The larger island was iniially called by the name Heneagua, which may derive from a Spanish expression meaning 'water is to be found there'.[3] Two names of apparent Lucayan origin, Inagua (meaning "Small Eastern Island") and Baneque (meaning "Big Water Island"), were used by the Spanish to refer to Great Inagua.[4][5][6]

Between the years of 1500 and 1825, many documented treasure laden ships were destroyed on Inaguan reefs. The two most valuable wrecks lost off the Inaguas were treasure-laden Spanish galleons: the Santa Rosa in 1599; and the Infanta in 1788. Other ships of considerable value that were wrecked there include the French Le Count De Paix in 1713,[7] the British HMS Lowestoffe in 1801,[8][9] and the British HMS Statira in 1815.[10]

As early as the 1600s, salt was being produced and shipped to Spanish colonies,[11] and its extraction was a going business by 1803.[11]

Henri Christophe, king of northern Haiti from 1811 to 1820, builtШаблон:When a summer retreat at the Northeast Point of Great Inagua.[11] Local legend has it that he also buried a cache of gold there.[12]

By 1918, after the end of World War I, lower salt prices and competition had driven the small producers on Great Inagua out of business, and the salt works were abandoned except for incidental local use.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1935, the Erickson brothers from Massachusetts founded West India Chemicals Ltd., purchasing the abandoned salt works from the British government.[13] They drilled test holes, set up offices, and began restoration of the buildings, but the locals[14] felt threatened, fearing changes to the power structure status quo.[15] In August 1937, a riot broke out, an employee was killed, and the Ericksons were forced to flee.[16][17] They soon returned, and full-scale development resumed.[18]

In the mid-1950s, Morton Salt bought the Great Inagua saltworks,[19] which includes over 80 salt ponds,[20]Шаблон:Self-published inline now the second largest such operation in North America.[18] Morton is the major employer on the island.[21][22][23]

Islands

Great Inagua

Great Inagua is the second largest island in the Bahamas at 596 sq mi (1544 km2) and lies about Шаблон:Convert from the eastern tip of Cuba. The island is about Шаблон:Convert in extent and mostly flat with some sand hills, the highest points being East Hill at Шаблон:Convert, Salt Pond Hill at Шаблон:Convert, and James Hill at Шаблон:Convert.[3] It encloses several lakes, most notably the Шаблон:Convert long Lake Windsor (also called Lake Rosa) which occupies nearly a quarter of the interior. The population of Great Inagua is 913 (2010 census).[24]

The island's capital and only harbour is Matthew Town, named after George Matthew, a 19th-century Governor of the Bahamas. This town houses the Morton Salt Company’s main facility, producing one million tonnes of sea salt a year — the second largest solar saline operation in North America and Inagua's main industry.Шаблон:Citation needed

Great Inagua Airport (IATA: IGA, ICAO: MYIG) is located nearby.Шаблон:Citation needed

A large bird sanctuary in the centre of the island has a population of more than 80,000 West Indian flamingoes and many other bird species, including the Bahama parrot, Inagua woodstar, Bahama pintail, brown pelican, tricolored heron, snowy egret, reddish egret, stripe-headed tanager, double-crested cormorant, Neotropic cormorant, roseate spoonbill, American kestrel, and burrowing owl. The Union Creek National Reserve is specially set aside for the study of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas).[25][26]

Little Inagua

The neighbouring Little Inagua, Шаблон:Convert to the northeast, is uninhabited and occupied by a large Land and Sea Park.[25] It has an area of Шаблон:Convert, with herds of feral donkeys and goats (descendants of stock introduced by the French). Various species of endangered sea turtles breed on the island.[25] Little Inagua has a large protective reef extending up to Шаблон:Convert away from the island in all directions, which prevents boats from coming too close.Шаблон:Citation needed

Gallery

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

External links

Шаблон:Districts of the Bahamas

Шаблон:Coord

Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ In 2012 $20,000 was contracted for repairs to the government complex in Matthew Town, including repairs to "the clock tower rooftop, the post office area and the upstairs district council area." Шаблон:Cite news
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ Julian Granberry and Gary S. Vescelius. (2004) Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles. The University of Alabama Press. Шаблон:ISBN p. 83
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  6. ↑ D. Gail Saunders, “The 1937 Riot In Inagua, The Bahamas,” Nieuwe West-Indische Gids / New West Indian Guide, Vol. 62, No. 3/4 (1988), pp. 129-145 at p. 13.1.
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book citing "America and West Indies: July 1716," Calendar of State Papers; "Journal, July 1716: Journal Book S," Journals of the Board of Trade and Plantations, Volme 3; March 1715 – October 1718 (1924), pp. 159–173
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite Colledge2006
  10. ↑ The Statira Shoal, just southeast of Great Inagua, is named after it and is where the ship wrecked. Шаблон:Cite book
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book, reprinted in 1984 in London by Robert Hale Ltd. Шаблон:ISBN
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  14. ↑ Notably George and Willis Duvalier who were sentenced to hang as a result of the riot. Шаблон:Cite news
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  21. ↑ In 2008 Morton employed about 60% of the island's working population. Шаблон:Cite news
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  23. ↑ Morton Salt’s Inagua facility damaged by Irma. The Nassau Gardian. 11 September 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  25. ↑ 25,0 25,1 25,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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