Английская Википедия:Indian Union Muslim League

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:EngvarBШаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox Indian political party The Indian Union Muslim League (abbreviated as the IUML or Muslim League) is a political party primarily based in Kerala. It is recognised as a State Party in Kerala by the Election Commission of India.[1]

After the Partition of India, the first Council of the Indian segment of the All-India Muslim League was held on 10 March 1948 at the south Indian city of Madras (now Chennai).[2] The party renamed itself as the 'Indian Union Muslim League' and adopted a new constitution on 1 September 1951.[2]

IUML is a major member of the opposition United Democratic Front, the INC-led pre-poll state level alliance in Kerala.[3][4] Whenever the United Democratic Front rules in Kerala, the party leaders are chosen as important Cabinet Ministers. The party has always had a constant, albeit small, presence in the Indian Parliament.[3] The party is a part of the UPA in national level.[3] The League first gained a ministry (Minister of State for External Affairs) in Indian Government in 2004.[5]

The party currently has four members in Parliament - E. T. Mohammed Basheer, M. P. Abdussamad Samadani and Kani K. Navas in the Lok Sabha and P. V. Abdul Wahab in the Rajya Sabha - and fifteen members in Kerala State Legislative Assembly.

History

Файл:Muhammad Ismail 1996 stamp of India.jpg
Muhammad Ismail Sahib on a 1996 stamp of India
Файл:Panakkad Shihab Thangal 2010 stamp of India.jpg
A postage stamp released in commemoration of Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal (1936-2009).

After the partition of India in 1947, the All-India Muslim League was virtually disbanded. It was succeeded by the Indian segment of the Muslim League in the new Dominion of India (first session on 10 March 1948 and constitution passed on 1 September 1951).[6] M. Muhammad Ismail, the then President of the Madras unit of the Muslim League was chosen as the Convener of the Indian segment of the party.[2] The Travancore Muslim League (the States' Muslim League) was merged with the Malabar League in November, 1956.[2]

Indian Union Muslim League contests General Elections under the Indian Constitution.[6] The party is normally represented by two members in the Indian Lower House (the Lok Sabha).[6] B. Pocker, elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the First Lower House (1952–57) from the Madras Muslim League.[6] The party currently has four members in Parliament.

Apart from Kerala and West Bengal, the League had Legislative Assembly members in Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Maharastra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam.[7] In West Bengal, the League had won Assembly seats in the 1970s, and A. K. A. Hassanussaman was a member of the Ajoy Mukherjee cabinet.[8]

Indian Union Muslim League first gained a ministry in Kerala Government as part of the Communist Party of India Marxist-led United Front in 1967. The party switched fronts in 1969 and formed an alliance with the Congress in 1976.[9][4] It later became a chief constituent in a succession of Indian National Congress-led ministries.[4]

Early years

  • First Council of the Indian segment of the Muslim League was held on 10 March 1948 at the south Indian city of Madras (now Chennai).[2]
  • On 1 September 1951, the 'Indian Union Muslim League' came into being in Madras (constitution was passed).[2]
  • B. Pocker Sahib, elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the first Lok Sabha (1952–57).[6]
  • K. M Seethi Sahib served as the Speaker of the Kerala Assembly from 1960 to 1961.[10]

From the 1960s to the 80s

With the Congress Party

In the 1990s

From the 2000s

National general secretary of Indian Union Muslim League

No. Name Portrait Tenure Home State
1 M. Muhammed Ismail Файл:M. Muhammad Ismail (Postage Stamp, Government of India).jpg 10 March 1948 — 5 April 1972 Tamil Nadu
2 Bafaqy Thangal

Файл:BafakiTangal.jpg

1972 — 19 January 1973 Kerala
3 Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait Файл:Sulaimansait 1.jpg 1973—1994 Karnataka
4 G. M. Banatwala 1994— 25 June 2008 Maharashtra
5 E. Ahamed Файл:The portrait of the Minister of State for Railways, Shri E. Ahammed.jpg 25 June 2008 — 1 February 2017 Kerala
6 K. M. Kader Mohideen Файл:Prof. K. M. Kader Mohideen.jpg 27 February 2017 — present Tamil Nadu

Ideology

Шаблон:Conservatism sidebar Шаблон:Blockquote

Шаблон:Blockquote

Шаблон:Blockquote

Composition

Designation Name
Chairman- Political Advisory Committee (PAC) Sadiq Ali Thangal (Kerala)
National President K. M. Kader Mohideen (Tamil Nadu)[21]
Vice Presidents Iqbal Ahmed (Uttar Pradesh)
Dastagir Ibrahim Aga (Karnataka)
National General Secretary P. K. Kunhalikutty (Kerala)[22]
National Organising Secretary E. T. Mohammed Basheer (Kerala)
National Treasurer P. V. Abdul Wahab (Kerala)[23]
Secretaries Khorrum Anis Omer (Delhi)
M. P. Abdussamad Samadani (Kerala)
S. Naim Akthar (Bihar)
Siraj Ebrahim Sait (Karnataka)
Assistant Secretaries Abdul Basith (Tamil Nadu)
Kausar Hayat Khan (Uttar Pradesh)

Organizational structure

Kerala Legislative Assembly

Source: http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/electionhistory.html

Early years (1957 - 1979/80)

Election Seats Vote% Government/Opposition Ministers Sources
Won (Contested)
1957 8 (19)

As independents

4.72 Opposition (to Namboodiripad Ministry)

1957 - 59

[13][25]
1960 11 (12) 5.0 Шаблон:Increase Government (Pattom Ministry)

1960 - 62

  • Formally left the coalition in 1961 as an abstaining Opposition.[26]
Excluded from the Pattom Ministry[26] [26][13][27]
Abstaining Opposition (to Shankar Ministry)[26]

1962 - 64

[26]
1965 6 (16) 3.71 Шаблон:Decrease Inconclusive (no government formed)[26] [27][13]
1967 14 (15) 6.75 Шаблон:Increase Government[4] (Namboodiripad Ministry)

1967 - 69

[4][27]
Government (Achutha Menon Ministry)

1969 - 70

[28]
1970 11 (20) 7.7 Шаблон:Increase Government (Achutha Menon Ministry)

1970 - 77

[28][29]
1977 13 (16) 6.65 Шаблон:Decrease Government (Karunakaran Ministry)

1977

[28][29]
Government (Antony Ministry)

1977 - 78

Government (PKV Ministry)

1978 - 79

Government (Koya Ministry)

1979

With the United Democratic Front (1979/80 - present)

Election Seats Vote % Government/Opposition[4] Ministers
Won (Contested)
1980 14 (21) 7.18 Шаблон:Increase Opposition (to Nayanar Ministry)

1980 - 81

Government (Karunakaran Ministry)

1981 - 82

1982 14 (18) 6.17 Шаблон:Decrease Government (Karunakaran Ministry)

1982 - 87

1987 15 (23) 7.73 Шаблон:Increase Opposition

(to Nayanar Ministry)

1987 - 91

1991 19 (22) 7.37 Шаблон:Decrease Government

(Karunakaran Ministry)

1991 - 95

Government

(Antony Ministry)

1995 - 96

1996 13 (23) 7.19 Шаблон:Decrease Opposition

(to Nayanar Ministry)

1996 - 2001

2001 16 (21) 7.59 Шаблон:Increase Government

(Antony Ministry)

2001 - 2004

Government

(Chandy Ministry)

2004 - 2006

2006 7 (21) 7.30 Шаблон:Decrease Opposition

(to Achuthanandan Ministry)

2006 - 11

2011 20 (23) 7.92 Шаблон:Increase Government

(Chandy Ministry)

2011 - 16

2016 18 (23) 7.40 Шаблон:Decrease Opposition

(to Vijayan Ministry)

2016 - 2021

2021 15 (25) 8.27 Шаблон:Increase Opposition

(to Vijayan Ministry)

Incumbent

Current members

Файл:2021 Kerala election result.svg
Map of Kerala showing 2021 Assembly Election Results
Legislative Constituency Member
Kerala
Kasaragod
Manjeshwaram A. K. M. Ashraf
Kasaragod N. A. Nellikkunnu
Kozhikode
Koduvally M. K. Muneer
Malappuram
Kondotty T. V. Ibrahim
Eranad P. K. Basheer
Manjeri U. A. Latheef
Perinthalmanna

Najeeb Kanthapuram

Mankada Manjalamkuzhi Ali
Malappuram P. Ubaidulla
Vengara P. K. Kunhalikutty
Vallikkunnu P. Abdul Hameed
Tirurangadi K. P. A. Majeed
Tirur Kurukkoli Moideen
Kottakkal K. K. Abid Hussain Thangal
Palakkad
Mannarkkad N. Samsudheen

Members of Parliament

Loksabha

Source: Loksabha Шаблон:Columns-list

Rajya Sabha

Source: Rajyasabha Шаблон:Columns-list

Controversies

The Muslim League has opposed the Supreme Court of India verdict regarding entry of adult women to Sabarimala temple.[30][31] It is also at odds with several LGBTQ rulings from the Supreme Court.[32] The party also supports the primacy of Muslim Personal Law among Indian Muslims.[33][34]

IUML opposes implementing gender neutrality and comprehensive sex education in school curriculum saying that it promotes homosexuality, leads to sexual anarchy and is part of an atheist-liberal conspiracy to destroy religious values.[35][36][37]

An article by the current president of the Muslim League, on Hagia Sophia,[38] seemed to support the views of political Islam.[39][40]

Muslim League generally presents itself as a conservative political party in Kerala.[41][42] In 2021, ten female leaders from the disbanded Haritha state committee lodged a police complaint against the state president of the Muslim Students Federation (MSF) and the Malappuram district general secretary, accusing them of making sexual remarks.[43][44]

In July 2023, following the Manipur violence where a woman was paraded naked in public,[45] members of the Muslim League raised death slogans in Kanhangad, located in the Kasaragod district of Kerala.The following day, Kerala Police arrested five of those members.[46][47] Upon criticism over the incident, the State President of IUML Panakkad Sayyid Sadiq Ali Shihab Thangal responded on 28 July, saying no one has the right to hurt the sentiments and faith of others.[48]

See also

Шаблон:Portal

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category-inline

Шаблон:Indian political parties Шаблон:United Democratic Front (Kerala) Шаблон:United Progressive Alliance Шаблон:Indian Union Muslim League

  1. Шаблон:Cite web
  2. Перейти обратно: 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 Wright, T. (1966). The Muslim League in South India since Independence: A Study in Minority Group Political Strategies. The American Political Science Review, 60(3), 579-599. Шаблон:JSTOR
  3. Перейти обратно: 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  4. Перейти обратно: 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 4,5 4,6 4,7 4,8 James Chiriyankandath (1996) Changing Muslim politics in Kerala: identity, interests and political strategies, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 16:2, 257-271.
  5. Шаблон:Cite web
  6. Перейти обратно: 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 Шаблон:Cite web
  7. Шаблон:Cite web
  8. Шаблон:Cite web
  9. Перейти обратно: 9,0 9,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  10. Шаблон:Cite web
  11. Перейти обратно: 11,0 11,1 11,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
  12. Перейти обратно: 12,0 12,1 Chief Minister of Kerala (Official Website)
  13. Перейти обратно: 13,0 13,1 13,2 13,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  14. Шаблон:Cite news
  15. Перейти обратно: 15,0 15,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  16. Перейти обратно: 16,0 16,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  17. Перейти обратно: 17,0 17,1 17,2 Шаблон:Cite news
  18. Шаблон:Cite web
  19. Шаблон:Cite web
  20. Шаблон:Cite web
  21. Шаблон:Cite web
  22. Шаблон:Cite news
  23. Шаблон:Cite web
  24. Шаблон:Cite web
  25. Jeffrey, Robin. "Politics, Women and Well-Being: How Kerala became a Model" Palgrave McMillan (1992); 112 and 114.
  26. Перейти обратно: 26,0 26,1 26,2 26,3 26,4 26,5 Wright, Theodore P. 'The Muslim League in South India since Independence.' American Political Science Review, vol. 60, no. 3, 1966, pp. 579–599., doi:10.2307/1952972.
  27. Перейти обратно: 27,0 27,1 27,2 Шаблон:Cite news
  28. Перейти обратно: 28,0 28,1 28,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  29. Перейти обратно: 29,0 29,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  30. Шаблон:Cite web
  31. Шаблон:Cite web
  32. Шаблон:Cite news
  33. Шаблон:Cite news
  34. Шаблон:Cite web
  35. Шаблон:Cite news
  36. Шаблон:Cite news
  37. Шаблон:Cite news
  38. Шаблон:Cite web
  39. Шаблон:Cite news
  40. Шаблон:Cite web
  41. Шаблон:Cite web
  42. Шаблон:Cite web
  43. Шаблон:Cite web
  44. Шаблон:Cite web
  45. Шаблон:Cite web
  46. Шаблон:Cite web
  47. Шаблон:Cite web
  48. Шаблон:Cite web