Английская Википедия:Indiana State Fair
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Use American English Шаблон:Infobox recurring event The Indiana State Fair is an annual state fair that spans 18 days in July and August[1] in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. The Indiana State Fair debuted in 1852 at Military Park in Indianapolis and is the sixth oldest state fair in the U.S.[2] It is the largest event in the state,[3] drawing between 730,000 and 980,000 visitors annually since 2010.[1] In 2015, readers of USA Today ranked the Indiana State Fair among the ten best state fairs in the country.[4]
The Indiana State Fairgrounds & Event Center has been the host site of the fair since 1892. Located about Шаблон:Convert north of downtown Indianapolis, it encompasses Шаблон:Convert, 72 buildings, a 6,000-seat grandstand, and a Шаблон:Convert racetrack. The complex is home to year-round tenants and is used throughout the year for a variety of other gatherings, including trade shows, sporting events, and concerts.[2]
History
19th century
In February 1851, at the urging of Governor Joseph Wright, the Indiana General Assembly passed an act intended "to encourage agriculture" growth in the state, which also included the formation of a State Board of Agriculture. A primary goal of the board was to organize an Indiana State Fair. Indiana was the sixth state to begin holding an annual statewide agricultural fair.Шаблон:Citation needed On October 20–22, 1852, Indiana's first state fair was held on the grounds of what is now Military Park, west of downtown Indianapolis. In 1860 a new location for the fairgrounds was established on approximately Шаблон:Convert along Alabama Street, north of the city.[5][6]
During the American Civil War, the county fairgrounds was converted into Camp Morton, a prison camp for captured Confederate soldiers. In 1864, a sanitary fair was held as part of the larger state fair.[7] In 1865, the fair was held in Fort Wayne. The gates opened at the Indiana State Fairgrounds on East 38th Street for the first time on September 19, 1892. Since then, the fair has continually been held in Indianapolis.
The Indiana State Fair has been held in Indianapolis for the majority of its existence. Other Indiana cities hosted the event during the 19th century, including Lafayette (1853); Madison (1854); New Albany (1859); Fort Wayne (1865); and Terre Haute (1867).[8]
20th century
Шаблон:Further There was no fair held in 1917 and 1918 because of World War I nor from 1942 to 1944 because of World War II.
On October 31, 1963, a propane tank exploded in the Indiana State Fair Coliseum, killing 54 at the scene; another 27 died due to their injuries, with a total of 81 people killed. Around another 400 were injured. It is the deadliest disaster in Indianapolis history.[9]
21st century
Шаблон:Further Historically, the fair lasted 12 days; however, it was expanded to 17 days (2009–2019), and 18 days in 2021.[1]
On August 13, 2011, high winds from an approaching thunderstorm collapsed the roof over the grandstand stage just before Sugarland was about to perform, killing seven people and injuring 58.[10] Concerts were moved indoors to the Fairgrounds Coliseum, and, during that building's renovation in 2013, events were moved to Bankers Life Fieldhouse and Lucas Oil Stadium.[11] The coliseum reopened in 2014.[12]
The COVID-19 pandemic caused the cancellation of the 2020 fair. The fair resumed in 2021 with some social distancing measures, but masks were not required.[13][14]
Competitions
During each annual run of the Indiana State Fair, several competitions take place. The 4-H has a large participation in the fair and competitions are held in numerous areas for 4-H youth members. 4-H winners at county fairs can progress to the state fair with their livestock, crafts, gardening, or other exhibits. The winner at the state fair can, in some cases, advance to a national competition. The winners receive scholarships and other awards.
Other competitions also occur including art contests, a hot air balloon race, and a high school marching band contest, the Indiana State Fair Band Day on "Band Day". Adult competitions also occur in various farm-related categories.[15]
The Indiana State Fairgrounds' mile-long oval track has hosted auto races for over a century. The AAA National Championship and USAC National Championship have hosted Indy car races in 1946 and from 1953 to 1970, traditionally under the name Hoosier Hundred. The USAC Silver Crown Series sanctioned the event since 1971. However, the track will be converted to a harness racing facility with an all-weather surface of crushed limestone. The half-mile dirt track in the infield will also be eliminated to allow more parking for the State Fair and other events.[16] The conversion was originally scheduled to occur after the 2019 race, but the conversion was delayed until 2021; the 2021 race was originally scheduled to still be run at the Fairgrounds, but was moved to the Terre Haute Action Track.[17]
Entertainment
Midway
The Midway is the area of amusement park rides and games. Fairgoers can either buy single-ride tickets or unlimited ride wristbands.[18] Midway rides operate from noon until 10 or 11 pm depending on the day.[19]
Performances
Numerous nationally known entertainers have performed at the Indiana State Fair.
On September 3, 1964, The Beatles performed two sold-out shows to a total audience of nearly 30,000[20] and, in 1989, New Kids on the Block set a Grandstand attendance record with 18,509 audience members.Шаблон:Citation needed
The fair also presents Latino/Hispanic entertainment for Indiana's Hispanic population.
Presidential visits
In 1919, President Woodrow Wilson gave a speech to a crowd of 40,000 on a day known as "Big Thursday." Over the years, Presidents George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, John F. Kennedy, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump have all made appearances at the fairgrounds.
Attendance
| Year | Attendance | Year | Attendance | Year | Attendance | Year | Attendance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988 | 571,230 | 1998 | Шаблон:Increase 728,724 | 2008 | Шаблон:Increase 859,600 | 2018 | Шаблон:Decrease 860,131 |
| 1989 | Шаблон:Increase 593,676 | 1999 | Шаблон:Increase 748,204 | 2009 | Шаблон:Increase 973,902 | 2019 | Шаблон:Increase 878,857 |
| 1990 | Шаблон:Increase 639,335 | 2000 | Шаблон:Increase 754,410 | 2010 | Шаблон:Decrease 950,000 | 2020 | canceled |
| 1991 | Шаблон:Increase 676,693 | 2001 | Шаблон:Decrease 731,592 | 2011 | Шаблон:Decrease 872,312 | 2021 | Шаблон:Decrease 830,390 |
| 1992 | Шаблон:Increase 722,218 | 2002 | Шаблон:Increase 796,431 | 2012 | Шаблон:Decrease 853,941 | 2022 | Шаблон:Increase 837,568 |
| 1993 | Шаблон:Decrease 689,924 | 2003 | Шаблон:Increase 878,114 | 2013 | Шаблон:Increase 978,296 | 2023 | Шаблон:Increase 840,414 |
| 1994 | Шаблон:Decrease 672,872 | 2004 | Шаблон:Increase 900,365 | 2014 | Шаблон:Decrease 954,884 | ||
| 1995 | Шаблон:Decrease 591,680 | 2005 | Шаблон:Decrease 820,248 | 2015 | Шаблон:Decrease 907,000 | ||
| 1996 | Шаблон:Increase 701,021 | 2006 | Шаблон:Increase 870,052 | 2016 | Шаблон:Decrease 731,543 | ||
| 1997 | Шаблон:Decrease 673,167 | 2007 | Шаблон:Decrease 746,421 | 2017 | Шаблон:Increase 906,732 |
See also
References
External links
- Official site Шаблон:Webarchive
- "Indiana State Fair Highlights: Velocipedes, Lady Aviators, and “Better” Babies", Indiana Historical Bureau
Шаблон:USAC tracks Шаблон:USAC Silver Crown race venues Шаблон:World of Outlaws Sprint Car Series race venues
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокIBJне указан текст - ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book; Шаблон:Cite book; and Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Wall Street Journal. Jack Nicas, "Faulty Planning, Stage Cited in Fair Collapse". April 12, 2012.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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