Английская Википедия:Indium(III) hydroxide

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Шаблон:Chembox Indium(III) hydroxide is the chemical compound with the formula Шаблон:Chem2. Its prime use is as a precursor to indium(III) oxide, Шаблон:Chem2. It is sometimes found as the rare mineral dzhalindite.

Structure

Indium(III) hydroxide has a cubic structure, space group Im3, a distorted [[rhenium trioxide|Шаблон:Chem2]] structure.

Preparation and reactions

Neutralizing a solution containing an Шаблон:Chem2 salt such as indium nitrate (Шаблон:Chem2) or a solution of indium trichloride (Шаблон:Chem2) gives a white precipitate that on aging forms indium(III) hydroxide. A thermal decomposition of freshly prepared Шаблон:Chem2 shows the first step is the conversion of Шаблон:Chem2 to cubic indium(III) hydroxide. The precipitation of indium hydroxide was a step in the separation of indium from zincblende ore by Reich and Richter, the discoverers of indium.

Indium(III) hydroxide is amphoteric, like gallium(III) hydroxide (Шаблон:Chem2) and aluminium hydroxide (Шаблон:Chem2), but is much less acidic than gallium hydroxide (Шаблон:Chem2), having a lower solubility in alkaline solutions than in acid solutions. It is for all intents and purposes a basic hydroxide.

Dissolving indium(III) hydroxide in strong alkali gives solutions that probably contain either four coordinate Шаблон:Chem2 or Шаблон:Chem2.

Reaction with acetic acid or carboxylic acids is likely to give the basic acetate or carboxylate salt, e.g. Шаблон:Chem2.

At 10 MPa pressure and 250-400 °C, indium(III) hydroxide converts to indium oxide hydroxide (InO(OH)), which has a distorted rutile structure.

Rapid decompression of samples of indium(III) hydroxide compressed at 34 GPa causes decomposition, yielding some indium metal.

Laser ablation of indium(III) hydroxide gives indium(I) hydroxide (InOH), a bent molecule with an In-O-H angle of around 132° and an In-O bond length of 201.7 pm.