Английская Википедия:Instant payment

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Instant payment (sometimes referred to as real-time payment or faster payment) is a method of electronic funds transfer, allowing for almost immediate transfer of money between bank accounts. This was in contrast of the previous transfer times of one to three business days that had been in place until the mid 2010s.

Since the mid 2010s many countries have implemented instant payment systems that speed up the transfer between bank accounts in response to customer demand for faster transactions.

The Euro Retail Payments Board (ERPB) in 2018 defined instant payments as: Шаблон:Blockquote

History

Originally clearing of payments was based on the cheque clearing cycle that required physical cheques to exchanged by banks at clearing houses for payments to be made between bank accounts. When electronic payments entered the banking systems from the 1970s onwards, the same timeframes and processes were used to settle these electronic payments.

The growth of e-commerce since the 2000s has caused a change in people's spending patterns and expectations. Shopping is no longer confined to regular business hours, creating new challenges for funds transfers. Similarly, merchants require faster and more reliable money transfer systems to keep up with consumers' demands.

Traditional electronic payments like bank transfers, that perform the electronic funds transfers within few business days, are not in line with user expectations.

Notable Instant Payment Systems by Country

Name	Country	Launched	Payment Sources	Identifiers	Notable Features	Transaction Volume per year (in billions)
New Payments Platform (NPP)	Шаблон:Flag	2018	Bank Account	Phone number, email or Australian Business Number	Recurring Payments	1.2 (2022)
Pix	Шаблон:Flag	2020	Bank Account	QR code Pix Key/Alias	Get change as cash at merchants (Pix Troco) Cash withdrawal (Pix Saque).	42 (2023)
Internet Banking Payment System (IBPS)	Шаблон:Flag	2010	Bank Account e-wallet	QR Code Mobile Number	Recurring Payments	18 (2022)
MobilePay	Шаблон:Flag	2013	Bank Account	Mobile Number	Common app for users of all banks, ability to chat.	-
MobilePay	Шаблон:Flag	2013	Bank Account	Mobile Number	Common app for users of all banks, ability to chat.	-
Faster Payment System (FPS)	Шаблон:Flag	2018	e-wallet, Bank Account	QR Code Mobile Number	Supports both Hong Kong Dollar & Chinese Yuan Renminbi	0.531 (2023)
GIRO Zrt	Шаблон:Flag	2020	Bank Account	Bank Account Number Mobile Number Email Tax Number		-
Unified Payments Interface (UPI)	Шаблон:Flag	2016	Bank Account Prepaid Wallet Credit Card Credit Line CBDC Stored Value	QR Code NFC UPI ID Mobile Number Sound Pattern Bank Account Number with IFSC	Recurring Payments (UPI AutoPay) Foreign Inward Remittance Payments without Internet/Network (UPI Lite X) Feature phone compatibility UPI OneWorld (for tourists) ATM Withdrawal	117.6 (2023)
Immediate Payment Service (IMPS)	Шаблон:Flag	2010	Bank Account	Mobile Money Identifier (MMID) Bank Account Number with IFSC.	Foreign Inward Remittance (FIR)	5.8 (2023)
ZENGIN	Шаблон:Flag	1973	Bank Account	Account Number	Inward Remittance	3 (2023)
CliQ	Шаблон:Flag	2020	Bank Account	IBAN Account number Alias		0.03 (2023)
Raast	Шаблон:Flag	2019	Bank Account	IBAN Mobile Number		0.16 (2023)
InstaPay	Шаблон:Flag	2018	Bank Account e-wallet	QR Code Account Number and Recipient's Bank Name Mobile Number Email ID		0.74 (2023)
PESONet	Шаблон:Flag	2017	Bank Account e-wallet	Account Number and Recipient's Bank Name Mobile Number Email ID		0.08 (2023)
Bilk	Шаблон:Flag	2015	Bank Account	NFC Dynamic Code	ATM Withdrawal & Deposit Recurring Payments	0.51 (2023)
Fast and Secure Transfers (FAST)	Шаблон:Flag	2014	Bank Account	Bank Account Number with Bank Code		0.29 (2022)
PayNow	Шаблон:Flag	2017	Bank Account	QR Code NRIC Mobile Number	International Remittance	0.31 (2022)
Bizum	Шаблон:Flag	2016	Bank Account	Mobile Number QR Code	Direct Donations to NGOs	1 (2022)
Swish	Шаблон:Flag	2012	Bank Account	QR Code Mobile Number		-
Twint	Шаблон:Flag	2017	Bank Account	QR Code Mobile Number Dynamic Token		0.59 (2023)
PromptPay	Шаблон:Flag	2021	Bank Account	QR Code Mobile Number		3.6 (2023)
Faster Payment Service (FPS)	Шаблон:Flag	2008	Bank Account	Account Number and Recipient Name QR Code	Forward dated payments Standing orders	4.5 (2023)
Zelle	Шаблон:Flag	2017	Bank Account	Email Mobile Number		2.3 (2022)
FedNow	Шаблон:Flag	2023	Bank Account			-

See also

• Clearing (finance)
• European Central Bank
• EBA Clearing
• SWIFT for NPP
• Settlement (finance)