Английская Википедия:Interamna Lirenas
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox ancient site Interamna Lirenas was an ancient Roman colony near the current Pignataro Interamna, in the southern province of Frosinone, central Italy.[1][2]
Modern archaeological excavations at the site commenced in 2010.[3]
History
Interamna Lirenas was founded in 312 BC as a colonia of Latins in the ager casinas, on the route of the Via Latina.[4] It was situated at the confluence of the Liri and Rio Spalla Bassa rivers, whence the name "Interamna" (meaning "between the rivers").[5]
Interamna Lirenas served as a military base during the Samnite Wars, leading to its destruction by the Samnites in 294 BC.[6] It was again ravaged by Hannibal in 212 BC; since it later sided with Carthage, after the Carthaginian defeat at Zama in 202 BC it was forced by Rome to pay heavy tribute.
It became a municipium in about 88 BC following the Social Wars when its population became Roman citizens.
In 46 BC Julius Caesar became patronus of the city as its strategic location between a river and a major road made it a busy node in the regional network, valuable to Caesar during the civil wars and one of only four towns known to share this privilege. The town received further settled veterans ca. 40 BC.[7]
The town was thought to have been a relative backwater based on the relative lack of imported pottery, but recent archaeology has raised its importance,[8] with evidence showing that it resisted the generally accepted decline of Italy in this period until the later part of the 3rd century AD, and around 300 years later than previously assumed.[9]
Archaeology
Excavated remains include a rare roofed theatre faced with exotic marbles from the central and eastern Mediterranean. A port on the river Liri with warehouses fostered trade between the major centres to the north of Aquinum and Casinum, and Minturnae and the Tyrrhenian coast to the southeast.[10]
There were three thermal bath complexes, the largest near the forum with a large swimming enclosed within a portico from 3rd–4th centuries.
The archaeological site has been sampled by use of geophysical techniques (including magnetometry).[11][12]
An inscribed ancient sundial donated by Marcus Novius Tubula after his election to the exalted position of Plebeian Tribune in Rome was discovered in the ruins of the theatre in 2017.[13]
In December 2023, archaeology experts led by Cambridge University announced the discovery of remains, including those of a roofed theatre, market, and river port.[14]
References
Sources
External links
- "Roman Theater Unearthed at Interamna Lirenas" Sep 25, 2013 by Enrico de Lazaro
- The British School at Rome: Interamna Lirenas, Lazio
- Roman Colonial Landscapes project
- ↑ Faculty of Classics, University of Cambridge https://www.classics.cam.ac.uk/research/projects/interamna-lirenas
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite EB1911
- ↑ Fasti Online "Interamna Lirenas" http://www.fastionline.org/record_view.php?fst_cd=AIAC_3604
- ↑ Salmon, E.T. 1955. "Roman Expansion and Roman Colonization in Italy." Phoenix 9.2:63-75.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Haaretz: https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/1.821742
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ A. Launaro, "Interamna Lirenas: how special?" in A. Launaro (ed.), Roman Urbanism in Italy: Recent Discoveries and New Directions (Oxford, 2023)
- ↑ Hay, S., Launaro, A., Leone, N. and Millett, M. 2012. "Intermana Lirenas e il suo territorio. Indagine archeologiche non invasive 2010." In Lazio e Sabina 8. Edizione Quasar. pp 603-9
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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