Английская Википедия:Intransigence
Intransigence (Russian: непримири́мость) is an ideological and political principle that was formed within the framework of the White Movement in the early years of emigration.
Intransigence concept
Intransigence is an anti–communist principle: refusal of any cooperation with the communist government in the territory of the former Russian Empire or representatives of this government abroad in any form.[1]
The principle of "intransigence" was put forward by a number of ideologists of the Russian Emigration of the First Wave as a counter ideological platform opposed to "returnism", "smenovekhovism", "Soviet patriotism" and similar trends that called for cooperation with the communist regime under the pretext of its alleged "rebirth". To this Ivan Ilyin responded in particular: Шаблон:Cquote
The main promoters of "intransigence" abroad were the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad and the Russian All–Military Union. In the Soviet Union, the most prominent exponent of the idea of "intransigence" was the Catacomb Church.
Intransigence as a socio–political position
Justifying the position of the irreconcilables, General Evgeniy Miller wrote: Шаблон:Cquote
A prominent figure in the White emigration, the last Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Governing Synod, Anton Kartashev later – after the end of the Second World War – summing up his article "Intransigence", gave the following definition of "intransigence": Шаблон:Cquote
Ivan Ilyin wrote a lot about the ideas of intransigence, in particular, in articles in the collection "Our Tasks".
Non–conciliators and collaborationism
After the National Socialists came to power in Germany, and especially during the Second World War, the irreconcilable figures of the Russian emigration were divided into several groups in their attitude towards the ideas and practices of German National Socialism.
Some – in particular, such prominent representatives of the "non–conciliators" as Pyotr Krasnov, Andrey Shkuro, Anton Turkul – collaborated with Nazi Germany in various ways.
The other, the neutral part of the irreconcilable Russian emigration,[2] a particularly prominent representative of which was General Voitsekhovsky, remaining in the position of "intransigence", refused to support the Nazis in their campaign against the Soviet Union. A well–known quote from Sergei Voitsekhovsky, expressed in response to an invitation to join[3] the Germans: Шаблон:Cquote
Finally, the third part of the "non–conciliators" actively participated in the Second World War on the side of the Western allies of the Soviet Union. Their position was expressed after the war by the already mentioned Ivan Ilyin and Anton Kartashev, who, in particular, wrote:[1] Шаблон:Cquote
This last part included a significant number of people who, during the Second World War, switched from "non–conciliatory" positions to "Smenovekhovist" positions, accepted Soviet citizenship and left for the Soviet Union,[4] where many became victims of repression.[5]
According to modern research, a certain part of the Russian emigration after the Second World War "completely buried Russia" – they abandoned the idea of restoring the country due to the simple impossibility of doing this and – began to build their lives abroad outside the "Fatherland – Emigration" paradigm.[6]
Irreconcilable ideas after the collapse of the Soviet Union
After 1991, when the authorities of the Russian Federation unilaterally declared the policy of "Concord and Reconciliation" without supporting it with practical steps to eliminate the differences between the heirs of the White idea and the heirs of the Soviet Union, the principle of "irreconcilability" was the basis for the relations of some part of the supporters of the revival of historical Russia to the political regime established in the Russian Federation.[7]
Supporters of this position celebrate November 7 as the Day of Intransigence.
See also
References
Sources
- Alexey Vovk. Soviet Russia and Me
- Anton Kartashev. Intransigence
- Ivan Ilyin. Our Tasks
- Evgeny Miller. Why Are We Irreconcilable?
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Namely, to head the Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia instead of Vlasov
- ↑ Ivan Ilyin. Anton Kartashev. The Mentioned Works
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Alexey Vovk. Soviet Russia and Me
- ↑ Igor Ogurtsov. We Have No Right to Reconcile! (2002)
