Английская Википедия:Iris-class cruiser
Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use British English
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsThe Iris class consisted of two ships, Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS, built for the Royal Navy in the 1870s. They were the first British all-steel warships.
Design and description
The Iris-class ships were designed as dispatch vessels by William White under the direction of Nathaniel Barnaby, Director of Naval Construction, and were later redesignated as second-class protected cruisers. The only visible difference between the sister ships was that Шаблон:HMS had a clipper bow and was longer than Шаблон:HMS with her straight stem. Iris was Шаблон:Convert long overall while Mercury was Шаблон:Convert long. The sisters had a beam of Шаблон:Convert, and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. They displaced Шаблон:Convert at normal load[1] and were the first British warships with an all-steel hull.[2] Their crew consisted of 275 officers and ratings.[1] The ships were not armoured but extensive internal subdivision gave them some protection against flooding, as did the Шаблон:Convert double bottom under the propulsion machinery compartments.[3]
The Iris class was powered by a pair of horizontal four-cylinder Maudslay, Sons and Field compound-expansion steam engines that were configured with a pair of high-pressure cylinders with a bore of Шаблон:Convert and a pair of low-pressure cylinders Шаблон:Convert in diameter. All cylinders had a Шаблон:Convert stroke. Each engine drove one propeller shaft using steam from eight oval and four cylindrical boilers with a working pressure of Шаблон:Convert.[1] The engines were designed to produce a total of Шаблон:Convert for a speed of Шаблон:Convert, which was handily exceeded by the sisters. Iris initially reached a maximum speed of Шаблон:Convert from Шаблон:Convert during her sea trials, but after new propellers were fitted, achieved Шаблон:Convert from Шаблон:Cvt. Mercury became the fastest warship in the world when she made Шаблон:Convert from Шаблон:Cvt.[3] The ships carried a maximum of Шаблон:Convert of coal, enough to steam Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert. They were initially fitted with a barque sailing rig, but this was removed after a few years.[1]
The Iris-class ships were originally armed with ten 64-pounder (Шаблон:Convert) rifled muzzle-loading (RML) guns, eight on the main deck and the remaining pair on the upper deck on pivot mounts to serve as chase guns fore and aft.[1]
Ships
| Name | Builder[3] | Laid down[3] | Launched[3] | Completed[3] | Fate[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:HMS | Pembroke Dockyard | 10 November 1875 | 12 April 1877 | April 1879 | Sold for scrap, 11 July 1905 |
| Шаблон:HMS | 16 March 1876 | 17 April 1878 | September 1879 | Sold for scrap, 9 July 1919 |
Construction and career
Iris was launched in 1877 and sold in 1905 while Mercury, launched a year later, was hulked at Chatham in 1914 and sold for scrap in 1919.[1]
Citations
Bibliography
