Английская Википедия:Iris subdichotoma
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Speciesbox
Iris subdichotoma is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Limniris and in the section Lophiris (crested irises). It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Tibet and China, with pale blue, blue-purple, purple, violet or white flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.
Description
It has short rhizome with a few branches.[1][2] Below is thick roots.[3] On top of the rhizomes are the brown, fibrous remains of last seasons leaves, surrounding the new leaves.[1][2][3]
It has grey-green, sword-shaped and slightly curved leaves.[1][2][3] They grow up to Шаблон:Convert long and 1–2 cm wide.[1][2][3] They do not have any mid-veins.[1][2][3] The leaves are generally short than the flower stems.[4]
It has flowering stems that can grow up to Шаблон:Convert long.[1][2][3][4][5] The stems have between two and five branches.[1][2][3]
The plant is very similar in form to Iris dichotoma but only smaller.[4]
The stems have 3–5 green, spathes (leaves of the flower bud), which have membranous margins.[1][2][3] They are Шаблон:Convert long and 7–8 mm wide.[1][2][3] The bracts are similar in size to Iris dichotoma.[4]
The stems (and branches) hold between two and four flowers, between June and August.[1][2][3] But normally in June.[1][2]
Leading from the spathes are stiff, pedicels (or peduncles), that are between Шаблон:Convert long.[1][2][3]
The flowers are Шаблон:Convert in diameter,[1][2][3] and come in shades of pale blue,[3] blue-purple,[1][2] purple,[4][5] or violet.[3][4][5] Later, a white flowering form was found and then was published and named as Iris subdichotoma f. alba Y. G. Shen, in 'Acta Bot. Yunnan' Vol.26 Issue5 page492 in 2004).[3] Although this is now classified as a synonym of Iris subdichotoma.[6]
It has three pairs of petals, three large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and three inner, smaller petals (or tepals, known as the 'standards'.[7] The falls are oblanceolate, and 4 cm long and Шаблон:Convert long.[1][2][3] The falls have a central yellow crest.[5] The standards are narrow and oblanceolate, and 3 cm long and 4 mm wide.[1][2][3]
It has a 2 cm long perianth tube, 2.2 cm long stamens, 1.5 long and 0.5 cm wide, fusiform (spindle-shaped) ovary and 3 cm long style branches.[1][2][3] The styles branches have narrowly triangular lobes.[1][2][3] It also has filaments that are longer than the anthers.[1][2]
After the iris has flowered, it produces a cylindric seed capsule,[3] between July and September, that is Шаблон:Convert long and 1 cm wide.[1][2][3] It has six longitudinal ribs.[1][2][3] The capsule when ripe, splits a third of the way down, releasing the seeds.[1][2][3][4] The seeds are 7.5–8.5 mm wide, maroon-brown and have a small wings.[1][2][3][4]
Genetics
In 2006, 13 species of Iris, including Iris subdichotoma, Iris delavayi and Iris cuniculiformis were studied for a cytological analysis of the chromosome counts.[8]
In 2007, the chromosomes of Iris dichotoma, Iris domestica (Belamcanda chinensis) and Iris subdichotoma were also studied.[9]
As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[7] Iris subdichotoma has a count of 2n=42.[8]
Taxonomy
It has the common name of 'Zhongdian iris'.[2][10][11][12] Note; 'Zhongdian' is an older name for Shangri-La City. It is written as 中甸鸢尾 in Chinese script and known as zhong dian yuan wei in Pidgin Chinese.[3][11]
The Latin specific epithet subdichotoma refers to Iris dichotoma (Also known as the Vesper Iris). 'Dichotoma' means forked in pairs or having 2 branches.[13] It is very similar in form to Iris dichotoma but smaller.[4]
It was first published and described by Yu Tang Zhao in 'Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica' (Acta Phytotax. Sin. published in Beijing) Vol.18 Issue 1 on page 57 in 1980.[1][11][14]
It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service on 4 April 2003 and then updated on 29 September 2008.[11] Iris subdichotoma is an accepted name by the RHS.[15]
Distribution and habitat
It is native to temperate regions of Asia.[11]
Range
It has been found in Chinese province of Yunnan,[5][1][12][16] in China.[11][14]
It has been found on Haba Snow Mountain,[4] and beside the Yangtze River.[1]
Habitat
It grows in grasslands, on open hillsides or on banks or slopes beside rivers.[1][2][3]
It grows at altitudes of between Шаблон:Convert above sea level.[2][3][12]
References
Sources
- Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. 205.
- Waddick, J. W. & Zhao Yu-tang. 1992. Iris of China.
External links
- ↑ 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 1,10 1,11 1,12 1,13 1,14 1,15 1,16 1,17 1,18 1,19 1,20 1,21 1,22 1,23 1,24 1,25 1,26 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,00 2,01 2,02 2,03 2,04 2,05 2,06 2,07 2,08 2,09 2,10 2,11 2,12 2,13 2,14 2,15 2,16 2,17 2,18 2,19 2,20 2,21 2,22 2,23 2,24 2,25 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 3,00 3,01 3,02 3,03 3,04 3,05 3,06 3,07 3,08 3,09 3,10 3,11 3,12 3,13 3,14 3,15 3,16 3,17 3,18 3,19 3,20 3,21 3,22 3,23 3,24 3,25 3,26 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 4,5 4,6 4,7 4,8 4,9 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокplantlistне указан текст - ↑ 7,0 7,1 Шаблон:Cite book}
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 11,3 11,4 11,5 Шаблон:GRIN
- ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
