Английская Википедия:Is Theosophy a Religion?

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"Is Theosophy a Religion?" is an editorial published in November 1888 in the theosophical magazine Lucifer; it was compiled by Helena Blavatsky.Шаблон:Refn It was included in the 10th volume of the author's Collected Writings.Шаблон:Sfn According to Arnold Kalnitsky, in the article it is about the problems of religion from the Theosophical point of view.Шаблон:Sfn

Analysis of contents

Incorrect assumptions

Kalnitsky wrote in his thesisШаблон:Sfn that by studying this Blavatsky's work, we can find out the relation of the Theosophists to religion. It begins with the statement (the author has reproduced it repeatedly elsewhere) that there is "a general sense of confusion" and a lack of understanding by the public about the true nature of the Theosophical movement. In particular, it is often assumed that the movement is a religion.Шаблон:Sfn Kalnitsky has quoted:

"Year after year, and day after day had our officers and members to interrupt people speaking of the theosophical movement by putting in more or less emphatic protests against Theosophy being referred to as a 'religion,' and the Theosophical Society as a kind of church or religious body. Still worse, it is as often spoken of as a 'new sect'!"Шаблон:Sfnm

Thesis author has written that, according to the major founder of the movement, Theosophy can not be called either a "religion" or sect in the usual sense of the word. Blavatsky asks the rhetorical question, whether this confusion is the result of deep-rooted prejudice or simply a mistake due to lack of information. And at the same time she suggests that the frank cynics and slanderers don't miss an opportunity with labels "ism" or "sect" to engender a sense of distrust. She says that the opinion of the absolute majority simply is not true.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Refn

Against blind faith

Kalnitsky wrote that, in Blavatsky's opinion, dogmatic religions are the antithesis of objectivity and dull thinking that does not correspond to the theosophical principles. And she says that the main task of the Theosophical movement has always been a struggle with such beliefs.Шаблон:Sfn He has quoted her article:Шаблон:Quote

According to thesis comments, this raison d'être characterized here as a corrective impulse, expressed in the form of "loud protest" and "open warfare" against the status quo. The objects of the same discontent are "rigid dogmatic" positions. Criticism is directed specifically at the prevailing attitude when thoughtless decision is preferable, but not an unhindered investigation. In this regard, Blavatsky states that "the best recruits" of the theosophical movement came from the camp of agnosticism or materialism, where the process of discussion is more free and not constrained by dogma. Thesis author wrote that essence of her logic is such that the more difficult to overcome personal biases, if they have a Christian origin, because science, at least, approve objectivity, while "Christianity preaches exclusivity."Шаблон:Sfn

Theosophical definition of religion

Kalnitsky has noted that Blavatsky was very concerned about how modern Theosophy is perceived by the public. She once again reiterates that, from her point of view, Theosophy is not a religion, although it is associated with specific religious, philosophical and scientific conceptions, and hence it can give rise to confusion. Nevertheless, from her point of view, Theosophy is presented not as a religion, but as religion itself. This strong assertion assumes that Theosophy is the expression of more sincere religious feeling and more authoritative knowledge and experience than those provided in existing popular forms of religion. Blavatsky feels that Theosophy is able to eliminate the uncomfortable and "distracting social functions of religion," which she considers an "exoteric," and to create an "elite esoteric ideational source," available for qualified, properly trained persons.Шаблон:Sfn

Thesis author had asked, "What is the theosophical interpretation of 'Religion itself'?"Шаблон:Sfn and has received an answer out the article:

"Religion in the true and only correct sense, is a bond uniting men together—not a particular set of dogmas and beliefs. Now Religion, per se, in its widest meaning is that which binds not only all Men, but also all Beings and all things in the entire Universe into one grand whole. This is our theosophical definition of religion...
Thus Theosophy is not a Religion, we say, but Religion itself, the one bond of unity, which is so universal and all-embracing that no man, as no speck—from gods and mortal down to animals, the blade of grass and atom—can be outside of its light. Therefore, any organization or body of that name must necessarily be a Universal Brotherhood."Шаблон:SfnmШаблон:Refn

Spiritual alchemy

According to Blavatsky, Kalnitsky wrote, Theosophy "transmutes the apparently base metal of every ritualistic and dogmatic creed (Christianity included) into the gold of fact and truth, and thus truly produces a universal panacea for the ills of mankind."Шаблон:Sfnm This analogy explains the "difference between the exoteric and the esoteric interpretation of symbols, myths, legends, scriptures, folklore," that is, almost of all forms of cultural material. From the point of view of Blavatsky, Theosophy is a filter, through which must be skipped and "transmuted" all religious attributes. She sincerely believes that "this methodology" is urgently needed to correct the distorted representation of the exoteric side of religion.Шаблон:Sfn

In hers opinion, "practical Theosophy is not one science" because it covers all the existing sciences of spiritual and physical life. It can be called a global "mentor" or teacher of universal knowledge, experience, and erudition, designed to not only to help "his pupils" successfully pass exams in all kinds of scientific and moral activity in this earthly life, but also to prepare them for the next lives. To do this, it is necessary to "study the universe and its mysteries" looking through oneself, and not "through the spectacles of orthodox science and religions."Шаблон:Sfnm

Source of wisdom

Kalnitsky noted that, according to the "myth of origins" of the Theosophical doctrine, the original truth of the universe was first transferred "to the ancestors of the human race" by spiritually advanced beings in a much greater extent than is assumed in the exoteric approach. "The original revelation extra-cosmic truth" (i. e. the transfer of the primary spiritual knowledge in the appropriate phase of the cycle) allegedly was carried out by spiritually elevated wise beings who were sure that this esoteric knowledge be fixed with the help of the "symbolic encoding" and tradition "spiritually mature" and correctly oriented interpreters. Transfer of the original truth is a necessary part of the "evolutionary scheme," and involved in this spiritually advanced beings must ensure that the "primordial wisdom" will be available in all "circumstances and conditions," albeit in a veiled or secret form.Шаблон:Sfn

Blavatsky writes about the "spiritually advanced wise beings" as follows (and Kalnitsky has cited this):

"So-called 'Occultism', or rather Esoteric Science, has to be traced in its origin to those Beings who, led by Karma, have incarnated in our humanity, and thus struck the key-note of that secret Science which countless generations of subsequent adepts have expanded since then in every age, while they checked its doctrines by personal observation and experience. The bulk of this knowledge—which no man is able to possess in its fulness—constitutes that which we now call Theosophy or 'divine knowledge'."Шаблон:SfnmШаблон:Refn

Also a religious studies scholar Tim Rudbøg wrote that, according to Blavatsky, "Theosophy is not a religion, a science or a philosophy—but Religion, Science and Philosophy in the singular... She also argued that the statement 'Theosophy is not a Religion' by no means excludes the fact that 'Theosophy is Religion' thereby implying that Theosophy in its abstract sense is not a particular religion but the basis of all religions. The definition Blavatsky offered for Religion in singular was not a set of dogmas, but a bond uniting all men, and in its wider sense uniting everything in the universe."Шаблон:Sfnm

Blavatsky argues that the unity of everything in the universe is in itself implies and justifies the belief in the existence of the Theosophical knowledge "at once scientific, philosophical and religious," demonstrating the reality of the interconnectedness of all beings and objects of the universe. This "knowledge, therefore, becomes essentially Religion, and must be called in its integrity and universality by the distinctive name of Wisdom-Religion."Шаблон:SfnmШаблон:Refn

Prejudices and misconceptions

Blavatsky writes that "the parent trunk" of all religions and philosophical systems contains the "great Truth" that to date was hidden, distorted or simply ignored. She believes that The Secret Doctrine is book, in which is set out everything that can be transmitted to humanity in "this century", and it is an attempt to clear a part of the "common foundation" of all—great and small religious and philosophical systems. Kalnitsky has cited: "It was found indispensable to tear away all this mass of concreted misconceptions and prejudice which now hides the parent trunk of (a) all the great world-religions; (b) of the smaller sects; and (c) of Theosophy as it stands now—however veiled the great Truth, by ourselves and our limited knowledge."Шаблон:Sfnm

Blavatsky believes that prejudice and misconceptions have accumulated quite a lot, because they were created by great crowd, and it as theosophists attempt to deal with them has led to the fact that an attack on all theosophical writers and the Society itself have become permanent. Even their friends and readers of theosophical journals often characterize an attempt to deal with errors as merciless "attacks on Christianity," "untheosophical assaults" and so on. She writes: Шаблон:Quote

Criticism

Contrary to the allegations of Blavatsky which she made in her article, professor John Melton wrote that Theosophy is "established religious cult" along with Christian Science, Rosicrucianism, Spiritualism, Satanism, Mormonism, and so on.Шаблон:Sfn René Guénon called Blavatskian Theosophy "theosophism" and described it in his book as a "pseudo-religion."Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Refn He believed that Blavatsky's "theosophism" is a "confused mixture" of Neoplatonism, Gnosticism, Jewish Kabbalah, Hermeticism, and occultism.Шаблон:Sfn The Catholic Encyclopedia noted that Blavatsky's doctrine is a "strange mixture" of mysticism and charlatanism and issued a verdict: "The denial of a personal God nullifies its claim to be a spiritualistic philosophy."Шаблон:Sfn Kalnitsky stated:

"The movement that Madame Blavatsky began may be classified as an important foundational legitimator of later NRMs, directly or indirectly influencing other schools, groups, individuals, and thus, spreading elements of its ideational structure into society at large."Шаблон:Sfn

In support of his words Kalnitsky refers to the British scholar of religious studies George ChryssidesШаблон:Sfn and professor John Melton.Шаблон:Sfn

Publications

Translations

See also

Notes

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References

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Sources

External links

Шаблон:Theosophy series

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