Английская Википедия:Isaiah 14

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Isaiah 14 is the fourteenth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets.

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 32 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).Шаблон:Sfn

Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls (3rd century BCE or later):Шаблон:Sfn

• 1QIsa^a: complete
• 4QIsa^c (4Q57): extant verses 1-5, 13
• 4QIsa^l (4Q65): extant verses 1‑12, 21‑24
• 4QIsa^o (4Q68): extant verses 28‑32

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>^Q; 6th century).Шаблон:Sfn

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex. Isaiah 14 is a part of the Prophecies about the Nations (Isaiah 13–23). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

[{S} 13:6-22] 14:1-2 {S} 14:3-27 {P} 14:28-32 {P}

Шаблон:AnchorThe restoration of Jacob (14:1–3)

Verse 1

For the Lord will have mercy on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, and set them in their own land: and the strangers shall be joined with them, and they shall cleave to the house of Jacob.

• "For": from the Hebrew word Шаблон:Lang, ki, at the start of the verse as 'asseverative' ("certainly"), emphasizing the Lord's desire to restore his people as one of the reasons for Babylon's demise (Isaiah 13:22b).

Verse 2

And the people shall take them, and bring them to their place: and the house of Israel shall possess them in the land of the LORD for servants and handmaids: and they shall take them captives, whose captives they were; and they shall rule over their oppressors.

Verse 3

And it shall come to pass in the day that the LORD shall give thee rest from thy sorrow, and from thy fear, and from the hard bondage wherein thou wast made to serve,

The Parable against the King of Babylon (14:4–21)

The mashal, or the parable against the king of Babylon is the oracle revealed to Isaiah the prophet. It is also considered a proverb. The parable is 18 verses long from verse 4 to verse 21.

Hebrew Text

The following table shows the Hebrew text of Isaiah 14:4-21 with vowels alongside an English translation based upon the JPS 1917 translation (now in the public domain).

Verse	Hebrew text	English translation (JPS 1917)
4	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, and say: How hath the oppressor ceased! The exactress of gold ceased!
5	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	The LORD hath broken the staff of the wicked, the sceptre of the rulers,
6	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	That smote the peoples in wrath with an incessant stroke, that ruled the nations in anger, with a persecution that none restrained.
7	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	The whole earth is at rest, and is quiet; they break forth into singing.
8	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	Yea, the cypresses rejoice at thee, and the cedars of Lebanon: ‘Since thou art laid down, no feller is come up against us.’
9	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	The nether-world from beneath is moved for thee to meet thee at thy coming; the shades are stirred up for thee, even all the chief ones of the earth; all the kings of the nations are raised up from their thrones.
10	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	All they do answer And say unto thee: ‘Art thou also become weak as we? Art thou become like unto us?
11	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	Thy pomp is brought down to the nether-world, And the noise of thy psalteries; the maggot is spread under thee, And the worms cover thee.’
12	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	How art thou fallen from heaven, O day-star, son of the morning! How art thou cut down to the ground, That didst cast lots over the nations!
13	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	And thou saidst in thy heart: ‘I will ascend into heaven, Above the stars of God Will I exalt my throne, And I will sit upon the mount of meeting, In the uttermost parts of the north;
14	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the Most High.’
15	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	Yet thou shalt be brought down to the nether-world, To the uttermost parts of the pit.
16	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	They that saw thee do narrowly look upon thee, They gaze earnestly at thee: ‘Is this the man that made the earth to tremble, That did shake kingdoms;
17	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	That made the world as a wilderness, And destroyed the cities thereof; That opened not the house of his prisoners?’
18	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	All the kings of the nations, all of them, sleep in glory, every one in his own house.
19	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	But thou art cast forth away from thy grave Like an abhorred offshoot, In the raiment of the slain, that are thrust through with the sword, That go down to the pavement of the pit, As a carcass trodden under foot.
20	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	Thou shalt not be joined with them in burial, because thou hast destroyed thy land, Thou hast slain thy people; the seed of evil-doers shall not be named for ever.
21	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew	Prepare ye slaughter for his children For the iniquity of their fathers; That they rise not up, and possess the earth, And fill the face of the world with cities.

Trivia

The song in verses 4b–21 could be secondarily applied to Sargon II, who died in 705 BCE and his body was never recovered from the battlefield. Here, Sargon ("King of Assyria" in Isaiah 20:1) is called the "King of Babylon" because from 710–707 BCE he ruled in Babylon and even reckoned his regnal year on this basis (as seen in Cyprus Stela, II. 21–22).

Verse 12

"How you are fallen from heaven,

O Lucifer, son of the morning!

How you are cut down to the ground,

You who weakened the nations!"

• "Fallen from heaven": see Шаблон:Bibleverse, Шаблон:Bibleverse for the words of Jesus regarding the War in Heaven.
• "Lucifer" or "Daystar" (Шаблон:Lang-he, from Шаблон:Lang-he, "to shine"). The Septuagint renders it Шаблон:Lang Heōsphoros, and Jerome in the Vulgate, "Lucifer, the morning star"; in the Chaldee, "How art thou fallen from high, who wert splendid among the sons of men." The New Oxford Annotated Bible suggests the correlation with "a Canaanite myth of the gods Helel and Shahar (Morning Star and Dawn), who fall from heaven as a result of rebellion."

Verse 19

But you are cast out of your grave

Like an abominable branch,

Like the garment of those who are slain,

Thrust through with a sword,

Who go down to the stones of the pit,

Like a corpse trodden underfoot.

• "Abominable branch": "despised branch" or "like a shoot that is abhorred", where "branch" or "shoot" is from Hebrew word Шаблон:Lang, netser (cf. Isaiah 11:1), here may refer to 'a small shoot that is trimmed from a plant and tossed away'.
• "Thrust": "pierced"

Шаблон:AnchorDestruction of Babylon, Assyria and Philistia (14:22–32)

Verse 29

Do not rejoice, all you of Philistia,

Because the rod that struck you is broken;

For out of the serpent's roots will come forth a viper,

And its offspring will be a fiery flying serpent.

• "Philistia": from Шаблон:Lang-he, Шаблон:Strong-number, KJV renders it as "Palestina", not in the wider meaning as today, but specifically as 'the country of the Philistines'.

See also

• Assyria
• Babylon
• Jacob
• Lebanon
• Lucifer
• Philistia
• Zion
• Related Bible parts: Isaiah 13, Isaiah 15, Luke 10, Revelation 22

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book

External links

• Isaiah 14 Hebrew with Parallel English
• Isaiah 14 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate Шаблон:Webarchive