Английская Википедия:Islamic Republican Party

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox political party

The Islamic Republican Party (IRP; Шаблон:Lang-fa, also translated Islamic Republic Party) was formed in 1979 to assist the Iranian Revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini in their goal to establish theocracy in Iran. It was disbanded in 1987 due to internal conflicts.

Founders and characteristics

The party was formed just two weeks following the revolution upon the request of Ayatollah Khomeini.[1] Five cofounders of the party were Mohammad Javad Bahonar, Mohammad Beheshti, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Ali Khamenei, and Abdolkarim Mousavi-Ardabili.[1][2] Early members of the central committee of the party, in addition to founding members, were Hassan Ayat, Asadollah Badamchiyan, Abdullah Jasbi, Mir Hossein Mousavi, Habibollah Askar Oladi, Sayyed Mahmoud Kashani, Mahdi Araghi and Ali Derakhshan.[2] The party had three general secretaries: Beheshti, Bahonar and Khamenei.[2]

The party has been said to be distinguished by "its strong clerical component, its loyalty to Khomeini, its strong animosity to the liberal political movements, and its tendency to support the revolutionary organizations," such as the komiteh. Policies it supported included the state takeover of large capital enterprises, the establishment of an Islamic cultural and university system, and programs to assist the poor.[3]

These revolutionary ayatollahs originally used the party to form a monopoly over the post-revolutionary theocratic Iranian state. In its struggle with civilian opponents the party made use of its ties to the Revolutionary Guards and Hezbollah.

Secretaries-general

Name Tenure Ref
Mohammad Beheshti 1979–1981 [2]
Mohammad Javad Bahonar 1981 [2]
Ali Khamenei 1981–1987 [2]

Causes of its dissolution

Файл:President Ali Khamenei meet Non-Iranian Hawza students - Office of the Islamic Republican Party in Qom.jpg
Ali Khamenei at the party's office in Qom, 1983

In the late 1980s, factionalism in the IRP intensified, the major issues being the Iran-Iraq War, whether to open up to foreign countries or remain isolated, and economic policies. Because all rival parties had been banned, the party "did almost nothing and had little incentive to."[4]

According to Ahmad Mneisi,

"While unanimous on the idea of a theological state and united under the umbrella of one party, the Islamic Republican Party (IRP), [the religious right] differed on a number of issues, such as the extent to which religion is to take hold of political life (the Velayat-e Faqih debate).[5]

Daniel Brumberg argued that it was in response to the dispute between president Ali Khamenei and popular prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi, that the IRP was dissolved - the Islamic Republican Party served "as a stronghold of radical activism," supporting Mousavi.[6] However, another report states that it was dissolved in May 1987 due to internal conflicts.[2][7] And the party was disbanded upon joint proposal of Rafsanjani and then party leader Khameini on 2 May 1987 when their proposal was endorsed by Ayatollah Khomeini.[1]

1983 congress

The party held its first congress in May 1983 and the members elected the 30-members central council as follows:[8] Шаблон:Col-beginШаблон:Col-break

# Member (faction) Votes
1 Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (R) 647
2 Ali Khamenei (R) 646
3 Mohammad Mehdi Rabbani Amlashi (R) 637
4 Mohammad Ali Movahedi Kermani (R) 634
5 Ali Akbar Velayati (R) 624
6 Abbas Vaez Tabasi (R) 623
7 Ali Akbar Nategh Nouri (R) 612
8 Ali Akbar Parvaresh (R) 589
9 Abbas Sheibani (R) 579
10 Mohamma Reza Beheshti (L) 578
11 Ghorbanali Dorri-Najafabadi (R) 574
12 Masih Mohajeri (L) 570
13 Hassan Ghafourifard (R) 550
14 Mir-Hossein Mousavi (L) 554
15 Habibollah Asgaroladi (R) 542

Шаблон:Col-break

# Member (faction) Votes
16 Mohsen Doagou Feizabaadi (R) 500
17 Abolghasem Sarhaddizadeh (L) 499
18 Gholamhossein Sharifkhani 460
19 Mohammad Reza Bahonar (R) 453
20 Asadollah Lajevardi (R) 430
21 Asadollah Badamchian (R) 428
22 Javad Mansouri (L) 414
23 Reza Zavare'i (R) 410
24 Abdollah Jassbi (R) 375
25 Morteza Nabavi (R) 372
26 Saeed Amani (R) 310
27 Mohieddin Fazel Harandi (R) 276
28 Mostafa Mir-Salim (R) 260
29 Mohammad-Hossein Asgharnia 231
30 Javad Eje'i (L) 223

Шаблон:Col-end

Allied organizations

The following organizations formed an alliance with the party:[9]

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election Main candidate Votes % Result
1980 Hassan Habibi 674,859 3.35 3rd
1981, July Mohammad-Ali Rajai 12,779,050 87.69 1st
1981, October Ali Khamenei 16,007,072 95.01 1st
1985 Ali Khamenei 12,203,870 87.90 1st

Parliamentary elections

Election Party leader Seats +/– Position
1980 Mohammad Beheshti Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:N/a 1st
1984 Ali Khamenei Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Increase 45 1st

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:S-start Шаблон:S-other Шаблон:S-break Шаблон:S-vac Шаблон:S-ttl Шаблон:S-vac Шаблон:S-end Шаблон:Iran defunct parties Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок jplaw не указан текст
  3. ↑ Bakhash, Reign of the Ayatollahs, (1984), p. 67
  4. ↑ Keddie, Nikkie, Modern Iran, 2003, pp. 259-60
  5. ↑ Mneisi, Ahmad. 2004. The Power shift within Iran's right wing Ahram, 5 July 2004
  6. ↑ Brumberg, Daniel, Reinventing Khomeini : The Struggle for Reform in Iran, University of Chicago Press, 2001, p. 134
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite thesis
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite thesis
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