Русская Википедия:Список сигнатур файлов
Это список сигнатур файлов, данных, используемых для идентификации или проверки содержимого файла. Эти сигнатуры также известны как магические числа.
Многие форматы файлов не предназначены для чтения как текст. Однако, сигнатура файла может быть интерпретирована и показана как текст. В столбце ISO 8859-1 указано, как расшифровывается сигнатура файла стандартной для UNIX-подобных операционных систем утилитой file
при языковой кодировке ISO 8859-1.
Расширение файла | Описание | Смещение | ISO 8859-1 | Шестнадцатеричная сигнатура |
---|---|---|---|---|
rpm | RedHat Package Manager (RPM) package[1] | 0 | .... |
ed ab ee db |
bin | Amazon Kindle Update Package[2] | 0 | SP01 |
53 50 30 31 |
PIC PIF |
IBM Storyboard bitmap file Windows Program Information File |
0 | . |
00 |
PDB | PalmPilot Database/Document File | 11 | ........ ........ ........ |
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
DBA | Palm Desktop Calendar Archive | 0 | ... |
BE BA FE CA |
DBA | Palm Desktop To Do Archive | 0 | ..BD |
00 01 42 44 |
TDA | Palm Desktop Calendar Archive | 0 | ..DT |
00 01 44 54 |
Palm Desktop Data File (Access format) | 0 | ... |
00 01 00 00 | |
ico | Computer icon encoded in ICO file format[3] | 0 | .... |
00 00 01 00 |
3gp 3g2 |
3rd Generation Partnership Project 3GPP and 3GPP2 multimedia files | 4 | ftyp 3g |
66 74 79 70 33 67 |
z tar.z |
compressed file (often tar zip) using Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithm |
0 | .. |
1F 9D |
z tar.z |
Compressed file (often tar zip) using LZH algorithm |
0 | .. |
1F A0 |
bac | File or tape containing a backup done with AmiBack on an Amiga.
It typically is paired with an index file (idx) with the table of contents. |
0 | BACKMIKE DISK |
42 41 43 4B 4D 49 4B 45 44 49 53 4B |
bz2 | Compressed file using Bzip2 algorithm | 0 | BZh |
42 5A 68 |
gif | Image file encoded in the Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)[4] | 0 | GIF87a GIF89a |
47 49 46 38 37 61 47 49 46 38 39 61 |
tif tiff |
Tagged Image File Format | 0 | II*. MM.* |
49 49 2A 00(little endian format) 4D 4D 00 2A(big endian format) |
cr2 | Canon RAW Format Version 2[5] Canon’s RAW format is based on the TIFF file format[6] |
0 | II*..... CR |
49 49 2A 00 10 00 00 00 43 52 |
cin | Kodak Cineon image | 0 | .*_. |
80 2A 5F D7 |
Compressed file using Rob Northen Compression (version 1 and 2) algorithm | 0 | RNC. |
52 4E 43 01 52 4E 43 02 | |
dpx | SMPTE DPX image | 0 | SDPX XPDS |
53 44 50 58(big endian format) 58 50 44 53(little endian format) |
exr | OpenEXR image | 0 | v/1. |
76 2F 31 01 |
bpg | Better Portable Graphics format[7] | 0 | BPGû |
42 50 47 FB |
jpg jpeg |
JPEG raw or in the JFIF or Exif file format | 0 | ÿØÿÛ ÿØÿà ..J F IF.. ÿØÿá ..E x if.. |
FF D8 FF DB FF D8 FF E0 ?? ?? 4A 46 49 46 00 01 FF D8 FF E1 ?? ?? 45 78 69 66 00 00 |
ilbm lbm |
IFF Interleaved Bitmap Image | 0
any |
FORM.... ILBM |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 49 4C 42 4D |
8svx 8sv |
IFF 8-Bit Sampled Voice | 0
any |
FORM.... 8SVX |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 38 53 56 58 |
acbm iff |
Amiga Contiguous Bitmap | 0
any |
FORM.... ACBM |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 41 43 42 4D |
anbm iff |
IFF Animated Bitmap | 0
any |
FORM.... ANBM |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 41 4E 42 4D |
anim iff |
IFF CEL Animation | 0
any |
FORM.... ANIM |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 41 4E 49 4D |
faxx fax |
IFF Facsimile Image | 0
any |
FORM.... FAXX |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 46 41 58 58 |
ftxt txt |
IFF Formatted Text | 0
any |
FORM.... FTXT |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 46 54 58 54 |
smus smu |
IFF Simple Musical Score | 0
any |
FORM.... SMUS |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 53 4D 55 53 |
cmus mus |
IFF Musical Score | 0
any |
FORM.... CMUS |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 43 4D 55 53 |
yuvn yuv |
IFF YUV Image | 0
any |
FORM.... YUVN |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 59 55 56 4E |
iff | Amiga Fantavision Movie | 0
any |
FORM.... FANT |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 46 41 4E 54 |
aiff aif |
Audio Interchange File Format | 0
any |
FORM.... AIFF |
46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 41 49 46 46 |
idx | Index file to a file or tape containing a backup done with AmiBack on an Amiga. | 0 | INDX |
49 4E 44 58 |
lz | lzip compressed file | 0 | LZIP |
4C 5A 49 50 |
exe | DOS MZ executable file format and its descendants (including NE and PE) | 0 | MZ |
4D 5A |
zip jar |
zip file format and formats based on it, such as JAR, ODF, OOXML | 0 | PK.. |
50 4B 03 04 50 4B 05 06(empty archive) 50 4B 07 08(spanned archive) |
rar | RAR archive version 1.50 onwards[8] | 0 | Rar!... |
52 61 72 21 1A 07 00 |
rar | RAR archive version 5.0 onwards[9] | 0 | Rar!.... |
52 61 72 21 1A 07 01 00 |
elf | Executable and Linkable Format | 0 | .ELF |
7F 45 4C 46 |
png | Image encoded in the Portable Network Graphics format[10] | 0 | .PNG.... |
89 50 4E 47 0D 0A 1A 0A |
class | Java class file, Mach-O Fat Binary | 0 | Êþº¾ |
CA FE BA BE |
UTF-8 encoded Unicode byte order mark, commonly seen in text files. | 0 |  |
EF BB BF | |
Mach-O binary (32-bit) | 0
0x1000 |
........ |
FE ED FA CE | |
Mach-O binary (64-bit) | 0
0x1000 |
........ |
FE ED FA CF | |
Mach-O binary (reverse byte ordering scheme, 32-bit)[11] | 0 | ........ |
CE FA ED FE | |
Mach-O binary (reverse byte ordering scheme, 64-bit) | 0 | ........ |
CF FA ED FE | |
Byte-order mark for text file encoded in little-endian 16-bit Unicode Transfer Format | 0 | .. |
FF FE | |
Byte-order mark for text file encoded in little-endian 32-bit Unicode Transfer Format | 0 | .... |
FF FE 00 00 | |
ps | PostScript document | 0 | %!PS |
25 21 50 53 |
PDF document | 0 | %PDF- |
25 50 44 46 2D | |
asf wma |
Advanced Systems Format[12] | 0 | 0&²u.fÏ .¦Ù.ª.bÎl |
30 26 B2 75 8E 66 CF 11 A6 D9 00 AA 00 62 CE 6C |
System Deployment Image, a disk image format used by Microsoft | 0 | $SDI0001 |
24 53 44 49 30 30 30 31 | |
ogg oga |
Ogg, an open source media container format | 0 | OggS |
4F 67 67 53 |
psd | Photoshop Document file, Adobe Photoshop’s native file format | 0 | 8BPS |
38 42 50 53 |
wav | Waveform Audio File Format | 0 | RIFF.... WAVE |
52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 57 41 56 45 |
avi | Audio Video Interleave video format | 0 | RIFF.... AVI. |
52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 41 56 49 20 |
mp3 | MPEG-1 Layer 3 file without an ID3 tag or with an ID3v1 tag (which’s appended at the end of the file) | 0 | ÿû ÿó ÿò |
FF FB FF F3 FF F2 |
mp3 | MP3 file with an ID3v2 container | 0 | ID3 |
49 44 33 |
bmp dib |
BMP file, a bitmap format used mostly in the Windows world | 0 | BM |
42 4D |
iso | ISO9660 CD/DVD image file[13] | 0x8001 0x8801 0x9001 |
CD001 |
43 44 30 30 31 |
fits | Flexible Image Transport System (FITS)[14] | 0 | SIMPLE = T |
53 49 4D 50 4C 45 20 20 3D 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 54 |
flac | Free Lossless Audio Codec[15] | 0 | fLaC |
66 4C 61 43 |
mid midi |
MIDI sound file[16] | 0 | MThd |
4D 54 68 64 |
doc xls |
Compound File Binary Format, a container format used for document by older versions of Microsoft Office.[17] It is however an open format used by other programs as well. | 0 | D0 CF 11 E0 A1 B1 1A E1 | |
dex | Dalvik Executable | 0 | dex.035. |
64 65 78 0A 30 33 35 00 |
vmdk | VMDK files[18][19] | 0 | KDM |
4B 44 4D |
crx | Google Chrome extension[20] or packaged app[21] | 0 | Cr24 |
43 72 32 34 |
fh8 | FreeHand 8 document[22][23][24] | 0 | AGD3 |
41 47 44 33 |
cwk | AppleWorks 5 document | 0 | ....BOBO ........ .... |
05 07 00 00 42 4F 42 4F 05 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 |
cwk | AppleWorks 6 document | 0 | ....BOBO ........ .... |
06 07 E1 00 42 4F 42 4F 06 07 E1 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 |
toast | Roxio Toast disc image file, also some .dmg-files begin with same bytes | 0 | ER.... ãER.... |
45 52 02 00 00 00 8B 45 52 02 00 00 00 |
dmg | Apple Disk Image file | 0 | x.s.bb` |
78 01 73 0D 62 62 60 |
xar | eXtensible ARchive format[25] | 0 | xar! |
78 61 72 21 |
dat | Windows Files And Settings Transfer Repository[26]
See also USMT 3.0 (Win XP)[27] and USMT 4.0 (Win 7)[28] User Guides |
0 | PMOCCMOC |
50 4D 4F 43 43 4D 4F 43 |
nes | Nintendo Entertainment System ROM file[29] | 0 | NES |
4E 45 53 1A |
tar | tar archive[30] | 0x101 | ustar.00 ustar . |
75 73 74 61 72 00 30 30 75 73 74 61 72 20 20 00 |
tox | Open source portable voxel file[31] | 0 | TOX |
74 6F 78 33 |
MLV | Magic Lantern Video file[32] | 0 | MLVI |
4D 4C 56 49 |
Windows Update Binary Delta Compression[33] | 0 | DCM PA30 |
44 43 4D 01 50 41 33 30 | |
7z | 7-Zip File Format | 0 | 7z¼¯' |
37 7A BC AF 27 1C |
gz tar.gz |
[rfc:1952 GZIP] | 0 | .. |
1F 8B |
lz4 | LZ4 Frame Format[34] Remark: LZ4 block format does not offer any magic bytes.[35] |
0 | ."M. |
04 22 4D 18 |
cab | Microsoft Cabinet file | 0 | MSCF |
4D 53 43 46 |
Various. (Replacing the last character of the original file extension with an underscore, e.g. setup.exe becomes setup.ex_) | Microsoft compressed file in Quantum format, used prior to Windows XP. File can be decompressed using Extract.exe or Expand.exe distributed with earlier versions of Windows. | 0 | SZDD.... |
53 5A 44 44 88 F0 27 33 |
flif | Free Lossless Image Format | 0 | FLIF |
46 4C 49 46 |
mkv mka |
Matroska media container, including WebM | 0 | .Eߣ |
1A 45 DF A3 |
stg | «SEAN : Session Analysis» Training file. Also used in compatible software «Rpw : Rowperfect for Windows» and «RP3W : ROWPERFECT3 for Windows». | 0 | MIL |
4D 49 4C 20 |
djvu djv |
DjVu document Байт, следующий за DJV будет 55 (U ) для одностраничного файла и 4D (M ) для многостраничного: AT&TFORM....DJVU и AT&TFORM....DJVM соответственно.
|
0 | AT&TFORM....DJV |
41 54 26 54 46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 44 4A 56 |
der | DER encoded X.509 certificate | 0 | 0. |
30 82 |
dcm | DICOM Medical File Format | 0x80 | DICM |
44 49 43 4D |
woff | WOFF File Format 1.0 | 0 | wOFF |
77 4F 46 46 |
woff2 | WOFF File Format 2.0 | 0 | wOF2 |
77 4F 46 32 |
XML | eXtensible Markup Language when using the ASCII character encoding | 0 |
<?xml |
3c 3f 78 6d 6c 20 |
wasm | WebAssembly binary format[36] | 0 |
\0asm |
6d 73 61 00 |
lep | Lepton compressed JPEG image[37] | 0 |
cf 84 01 | |
swf | flash .swf | 0 | .CWS
EWS |
43 57 53 46 57 53 |
deb | linux deb file | 0 | !<arch>. |
21 3C 61 72 63 68 3E |
webp | Google WebP image file | 0 | RIFF….
WEBP |
52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 57 45 42 50 |
U-Boot / uImage. Das U-Boot Universal Boot Loader.[38] | 0 | '..V |
27 05 19 56 | |
rtf | Rich Text Format | 0 | {\rtf1 |
7B 5C 72 74 66 31 |
Microsoft Tape Format | 0 | TAPE |
54 41 50 45 | |
ts
tsv tsa |
MPEG Transport Stream (MPEG-2 Part 1) | 0
0xBC 0x178 … (every 188th byte) |
G |
47 |
m2p
vob |
MPEG Program Stream (MPEG-1 Part 1 (essentially identical) and MPEG-2 Part 1) | 0 | .... |
00 00 01 BA |
mpg
mpeg |
MPEG Program Stream MPEG Transport Stream MPEG-1 video and MPEG-2 video (MPEG-1 Part 2 and MPEG-2 Part 2) |
0 | .... G .... |
00 00 01 BA 47 00 00 01 B3 |
zlib |
No Compression (no preset dictionary) Best speed (no preset dictionary) Default Compression (no preset dictionary) Best Compression (no preset dictionary) No Compression (with preset dictionary) Best speed (with preset dictionary) Default Compression (with preset dictionary) Best Compression (with preset dictionary) |
0 | .... |
78 01 78 5E 78 9C 78 DA 78 20 78 7D 78 BB 78 F9 |
dat | Minecraft Level Data File | 1 | ‹� |
1F 8B 08 00 |
lzfse | LZFSE — Lempel-Ziv style data compression algorithm using Finite State Entropy coding. (bvx2) | 0 | - |
62 76 78 32 |
orc | Apache ORC (Optimized Row Columnar) file format | 0 | ORC |
4F 52 43 |
avro | Apache Avro binary file format | 0 | Obj. |
4F 62 6A 01 |
rc | RCFile columnar file format | 0 | SEQ6 |
53 45 51 36 |
Apache Parquet columnar file format | 0 | PAR1 |
50 41 52 31 |
См. также
Примечания
Ссылки
- Список сигнатур файлов Гэри Кесслера
- Онлайновые базы данных сигнатур файлов для судебно-медицинской практики, частное собрание, свободное для правоохранительных органов
- Страница руководства утилит compress, uncompress, и zcat SCO Open Server
- Публичные базы данных сигнатур файла
- Полный список магических чисел с примерами файлов
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Недоступная ссылка
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Icons Шаблон:Wayback (at MSDN)
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ TechNote.txt: RAR version 4.00 — Technical information. 2010-12-01. «The marker block is actually considered as a fixed byte sequence: 0x52 0x61 0x72 0x21 0x1a 0x07 0x00»
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web