Английская Википедия:Arthoniaceae
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
The Arthoniaceae are a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi in the order Arthoniales.[1] The Arthoniaceae is the largest family of Arthoniales, with around 800 species.[2] Most species in Arthoniaceae belong in Arthonia which is the largest genus with 500 species.[3] The second and third largest genus is Arthothelium with 80 species, and Cryptothecia with 60 species.[4]
Arthonia is the type genus of Arthoniaceae, and it is known to be a polyphyletic and paraphyletic genus.[5] The process of splitting Arthonia into monophyletic groups is an ongoing process. In order to make Arthonia monophyletic, several genera have been described or resurrected.[6]
Distribution
The species in Arthoniaceae have a worldwide distribution, but are especially prevalent in tropical areas with a Mediterranean climate.[1] They are known from arctic to tropical latitudes, as well as variating altitudes from sea level to alpine regions, distributed in both humid forests and dry habitats.[6]
Ecology
Collectively, the family have a highly variable ecology with lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi.[1] The majority of species are lichenized with a photobiont from Trentepohliaceae and a few species in Arthonia are lichenized with a photobiont from Chlorococcaleae. They grow on leaves, bark, bryophytes, and rocks.[7] Other species are lichenicolous (growing on other lichens), and a few species are known to be saprobic.[4]
History
The family was circumscribed by Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach in 1841.[1]
Genera
Шаблон:As of, Species Fungorum accepts 25 genera and 392 species in the family Arthoniaceae.[8] This is a list of the genera in the Arthoniaceae based on a 2020 review and summary of fungal classification by Wijayawardene and colleagues.[9] Following the genus name is the taxonomic authority (those who first circumscribed the genus; standardized author abbreviations are used), year of publication, and the number of species:
- Amazonomyces Шаблон:Small – 2 spp.
- Arthonia Шаблон:Small – ca. 50 + ca. 300 orphaned spp.
- Arthothelium Шаблон:Small – 10 + ca. 100 orphaned spp.
- Briancoppinsia Шаблон:Small – 1 sp.
- Coniangium Шаблон:Small – 4 spp.
- Coniarthonia Шаблон:Small – 12 spp.
- Coniocarpon Шаблон:Small – 6 spp.
- Crypthonia Шаблон:Small – 16 spp.
- Cryptophaea Шаблон:Small – 1 spp.
- Cryptothecia Шаблон:Small – ca. 65
- Eremothecella Шаблон:Small – 8 spp.
- Glomerulophoron Шаблон:Small – 2 spp.
- Helicobolomyces Шаблон:Small – 2 spp.
- Herpothallon Шаблон:Small – ca. 50
- Inoderma Шаблон:Small – 4 spp.
- Leprantha Шаблон:Small – 1 sp.
- Myriostigma Шаблон:Small – 7 spp.
- Pachnolepia Шаблон:Small –1 sp.
- Reichlingia Шаблон:Small – 4 spp.
- Snippocia Шаблон:Small – 1 sp.
- Sporodophoron Шаблон:Small – 4 spp.
- Staurospora Шаблон:Small – 1 sp.
- Stirtonia Шаблон:Small – ca. 25 spp.
- Tylophoron Шаблон:Small – 11 spp.
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Encyclopedia of Life, consulted at september the seventeenth 2013
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокCoL-Species Fungorumне указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокWijayawardene et al. 2020не указан текст
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