Английская Википедия:August 1942

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Файл:Deceased Japanese soldiers after Battle of the Tenaru, Guadalcanal, 1942.jpg
August 21, 1942: Japanese soldiers killed during the Battle of the Tenaru.

The following events occurred in August 1942:

August 1, 1942 (Saturday)

August 2, 1942 (Sunday)

  • The German 4th Panzer Army captured Kotelnikovo.[3]
  • After spending most of the day studying maps of Stalingrad and the surrounding area, Andrey Yeryomenko had a second conference with Stalin. Yeryomenko protested that two Russian fronts in the same area meant that trying to co-ordinate Stalingrad's defence with another commander would be "utterly confusing, if not tragically impossible," and asked to command the Stalingrad Front in the north rather than the Southeastern Front. Stalin firmly said that everything would be left as it was already outlined.[2]
  • A man named José Gallardo Díaz was found unconscious and dying on a road near a swimming hole in Commerce, California. He was rushed to the hospital but died shortly after. 17 Mexican-American youths were soon arrested in a case that came to be known as the Sleepy Lagoon murder.
  • Born:

August 3, 1942 (Monday)

August 4, 1942 (Tuesday)

August 5, 1942 (Wednesday)

August 6, 1942 (Thursday)

  • German forces on the Eastern Front captured Tikhoretsk and Armavir.[10]
  • Dzyatlava massacre: During the liquidation of the Zdzięcioł Ghetto several thousand Jews were murdered at the local Jewish cemetery.
  • For aiding an escaped German prisoner of war, Detroit restaurant owner Max Stephan became the first American sentenced to execution for treason since the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794.[6]
  • The British submarine HMS Thorn went missing off southern Crete, probably sunk by the Italian torpedo boat Pegaso.
  • The Germans lost three submarines in one day. U-210 was rammed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean by the Canadian destroyer Assiniboine, U-612 sank off Gotenhafen, Germany after colliding with U-444, and U-578 went missing in the Bay of Biscay. Her fate remains unknown.
  • German submarine U-634 was commissioned.
  • Born: Evelyn Hamann, actress, in Hamburg, Germany (d. 2007)

August 7, 1942 (Friday)

August 8, 1942 (Saturday)

August 9, 1942 (Sunday)

August 10, 1942 (Monday)

August 11, 1942 (Tuesday)

  • Pierre Laval reached an agreement with the Germans that 150,000 French workers would go to Germany in exchange for 50,000 French prisoners of war.[1]
  • The British aircraft carrier HMS Eagle was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U-73 during Operation Pedestal.
  • Eleven died in riots in New Delhi.[16]
  • Al Milnar of the Cleveland Indians and Tommy Bridges of the Detroit Tigers had one of the most epic pitchers' duels in baseball history. With the game locked in a scoreless tie in the top of the ninth inning, Milnar lost a no-hitter with two out when Doc Cramer singled to right field. Both pitchers maintained their shutouts until the fifteenth inning when the game was finally called in a 0–0 tie.[17]
  • Died: Sabina Spielrein, 56, Russian physician and psychoanalyst (murdered by an SS death squad)

August 12, 1942 (Wednesday)

August 13, 1942 (Thursday)

August 14, 1942 (Friday)

August 15, 1942 (Saturday)

August 16, 1942 (Sunday)

  • The Kriegsmarine began Operation Wunderland with the objective of entering the Kara Sea and destroying as many Russian vessels as possible.
  • The Russians evacuated Maykop.[21]
  • Axis positions in Egypt were bombed by American warplanes for the first time.[12]
  • In Bilbao, Spain, a mass was held at the Basilica of Begoña to commemorate members of the Begoña Regiment who died in the Civil War. After the service there was some shouting between the Falangist and Carlist factions, and during the ensuing scuffle a Falangist threw two hand grenades and wounded 30 people.[22]

August 17, 1942 (Monday)

August 18, 1942 (Tuesday)

August 19, 1942 (Wednesday)

August 20, 1942 (Thursday)

August 21, 1942 (Friday)

  • The Battle of the Tenaru was fought on Guadalcanal, resulting in Allied victory.
  • German infantry companies of LI Army Corps crossed the Don in inflatable boats and quickly established a bridgehead near the village of Luchinsky.[5]
  • Chinese forces recaptured Yingtan.[21]

August 22, 1942 (Saturday)

  • Brazil declared war on Germany and Italy after the sinking of several Brazilian ships.[1]
  • The German 16th Panzer Division began crossing the Don as soon as the bridgehead was ready.[5]
  • The American destroyer USS Blue was torpedoed and crippled at Ironbottom Sound during the Battle of Guadalcanal by the Japanese destroyer Kawakaze. She was scuttled the next day after salvage attempts failed.
  • Chinese forces captured Yujiang.[21]
  • German submarine U-654 was depth charged and sunk in the Caribbean by an American Douglas B-18 Bolo bomber.
  • The American destroyer USS Ingraham sank off the coast of Nova Scotia after colliding in heavy fog with the oil tanker Chemung.
  • German submarines U-227 and U-449 were commissioned.
  • Died: Michel Fokine, 62, Russian choreographer and dancer

August 23, 1942 (Sunday)

  • The Battle of Stalingrad began.
  • The Luftwaffe conducted the first major bombing raid on Stalingrad.[27] A rain of incendiary and explosive bombs killed more than 40,000 civilians and reduced most of the city to rubble.[28]
  • The German 16th Panzer Division came within striking distance of the Stalingrad Tractor Factory, the Soviet Union's largest producer of T-34 tanks.[29]
  • At about 1:45 am, 45-year-old Martha Hansen of Twin Falls, Idaho, was fatally mauled by a brown bear or grizzly bear she encountered while walking from her cabin at Yellowstone National Park to the ladies' restroom. Hansen would die of her injuries on August 27.[30]
  • Died: Heinrich-Wilhelm Ahnert, 27, German flying ace (shot down over Koptevo, USSR)

August 24, 1942 (Monday)

August 25, 1942 (Tuesday)

August 26, 1942 (Wednesday)

August 27, 1942 (Thursday)

August 28, 1942 (Friday)

August 29, 1942 (Saturday)

  • British destroyer Eridge was permanently disabled off El Daba, Egypt by an Italian torpedo boat.
  • The German Tiger I tank made its battlefield debut southeast of Leningrad.[34]
  • Japanese submarine Ro-33 was depth charged and sunk near Port Moresby by the Australian destroyer Arunta.
  • The Red Cross announced that Japan had refused free passage of ships carrying food, medicine and other necessities for American prisoners of war.[35]
  • German submarine U-385 was commissioned.
  • Died: Charles Urban, 75, American-born British film producer and distributor

August 30, 1942 (Sunday)

August 31, 1942 (Monday)

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Events by month links