Английская Википедия:Ein Shemer Airfield
Шаблон:Infobox airport Ein Shemer Airfield (Шаблон:Lang-he, English: Shemer's Source) also called Hadera East is an Israeli Air Force (IAF) base in northern Israel, located approximately 6 km east of Hadera in the Haifa District, named after the nearby kibbutz Ein Shemer. It houses no fighter jets or helicopters but UAVs and a defense missile battery.
History
Before 1948 it was operated by the British Royal Air Force (RAF) as RAF Ein Shemer. During this time, "RAF Ein Shemer was the largest military airfield in the country" and hosted "seven ..RAF squadrons and 1,500 RAF personnel." Between the autumn of 1943 and June 1945, it was home to 78 Operational Training Unit[1] training general reconnaissance crews, particularly using ASV radar and the Leigh light.Шаблон:Sfn It served as the workplace for as many as 600, mainly Arab, workers. This made it, in the opinion of its Commanding Officer, ‘the largest camp of its sort for civilian labour in the Middle East’.[1]
After the British withdrew in 1948, the airfield was reduced in size and operated as a small civilian airfield for decades, which the Israeli military took ownership of again as a base in the early 2000s. The runway may only be used by unmanned aircraft, and any other use requires approval from the Civil Aviation Authority, due to strong resistance from the local residents.
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A Cessna 180 in the 1970s on Ein Shemer Airfield
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Aerial view of the airfield in 2020 with the Arrow missile sites to the right and the radar above
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Map of the airfield with Arrow missile sites and the Super Green Pine Radar location
Today
Since 2002 the base houses a complete Arrow 2 Theater Anti Ballistic Missile battery which includes around 150-200 Arrow 2 Block 4 missiles, several launchers, the Great Pine Radar (Super Green Pine) with a 1000 kilometer range and the Yellow Citron & Brown Nut elements of the system.[2][3] The Arrow System is operated by the Israeli Air Defense Command, a unit of the Israeli Air Force (IAF).
In 2008 and again in 2012, the Israeli government proposed closing down Sde Dov and Herzlia airports and relocating their general aviation and civilian flight training activities to an expanded Ein Shemer airfield. Nearby residents however expressed strong opposition to the plan. In June 2019 the National Infrastructure Planning Committee voted to approve the plan but the local and regional municipalities vowed to continue opposing it.[4]
The airfield is also the home of a control station for the IAI Heron UAV and got several hangars for their accommodation and maintenance. The IAI Malat Division is testing its newly developed UAVs here.[5] In September 2020, a Heron landed at Ben Gurion International Airport during commercial flight operations, a first for a UAV. The unmanned flight originated from and returned to Ein Shemer Airfield and was controlled from there throughout the entire operation.[6]
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Test launch of an Arrow 2 missile in California 2004
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An IAI Heron 1 Shoval UAV in flight 2003
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An IAI Heron TP Eitan UAV at an exhibition 2017
RAF Ein Shemer
RAF Ein Shemer was a Royal Air Force station in Palestine between 1942 and 1948.
No. 78 Operational Training Unit RAF was formed in February 1944 at Ein Shemer to train general reconnaissance crews, particularly using ASV radar and the Leigh light.Шаблон:Sfn
The following Royal Air Force units were based at RAF Ein Shemer between 1945 and 1948:
- No. 6 Squadron RAF between 2 June and 3 October 1946 with the Hawker Hurricane IV & Supermarine Spitfire LF 9Шаблон:Sfn
- No. 32 Squadron RAF between 3 October 1946 and 25 March 1948 with the Supermarine Spitfire IX and FR 18Шаблон:Sfn
- No. 37 Squadron RAF between 14 September 1947 and 31 March 1948 with the Avro Lancaster MR 3Шаблон:Sfn
- No. 38 Squadron RAF between July 1946 and 31 March 1948 with the Avro Lancaster GR 3Шаблон:Sfn
- No. 178 Squadron RAF between 25 August and 5 November 1945 with the Consolidated Liberator VIШаблон:Sfn
- No. 208 Squadron RAF between 6 June 1946 and 26 March 1948 with the Supermarine Spitfire FR 18Шаблон:Sfn
- No. 214 Squadron RAF between 24 August and 7 November 1945 with the Consolidated Liberator VIIIШаблон:Sfn
- No. 621 Squadron RAF between 6 June and 1 September 1946 with the Avro Lancaster ASR 3Шаблон:Sfn became No. 18 Squadron RAF between 1 and 15 September 1946 with Avro Lancaster GR 3Шаблон:Sfn
- No. 651 Squadron RAF between February 1946 and June 1947 with the Taylorcraft Auster V and Auster AOP.6Шаблон:Sfn
- No. 680 Squadron RAF between 9 July and 1 September 1946 with the de Havilland Mosquito PR 34Шаблон:Sfn became No. 13 Squadron RAF between 1 September and 13 December 1946 with the de Havilland Mosquito PR 34Шаблон:Sfn
See also
References
- Citations
- Bibliography
Further reading
- Roy Marom, "RAF Ein-Shemer: Forgotten Case of Jewish and Arab Work in a British Army Camp in Palestine during the Second World War," War & Society 39, no. 3 (2020), pp. 189–209
External links
Шаблон:Portalbar Шаблон:Airports in Israel
