Английская Википедия:Flora Botton

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Flora Botton Beja (born 1 March 1933) is a Mexican sinologist and gender studies scholar. She was born in Greece, but acquired Spanish nationality through her parents and naturalized as Mexican after her arrival in Mexico in 1949. She was a co-founder of the gender studies and a pioneer of Oriental studies programs at El Colegio de México. She was one of the first academics to focus on China in Mexico and Latin America. Her works have widely been influential in the region and she was one of the founders of the Asociación Latinoamericana de Estudios de Asia y África (Latin-American Association of Asian and African Studies).

Early life and education

Flora Botton was born on 1 March 1933 in Thessaloniki, Greece, to Spanish nationals, Sara Beja and Jaime Botton (Botón) Saporta, who dealt in the textile industry.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Her family were part of the Sephardic Jewish diaspora.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn When she was seven, Thessaloniki became an occupied territory, first by Italy and then in 1941 by the Nazis. Assisted by friends, the family fled to Athens which was still under the control of Benito Mussolini's forces. In early 1944, the Nazis took over the occupation and in April, Flora’s brother, parents, grandmother, aunts, uncles, and cousins were arrested in the middle of the night and transported to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. With the Allied Forces closing in, plans were made to transport prisoners to Austria.Шаблон:Sfn One week before the British liberation of the camp, three train loads carrying prisoners left the camp on 6, 7, and 9 April 1945. Close to five thousand evacuees in Botton's group were abandoned at Magdeburg where they were discovered by a Ninth United States Army soldier on patrol on 13 April.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The Ninth Army had arrived in Magdeburg two days prior during the assault on the Ruhr pocket.Шаблон:Sfn

Cared for by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, the Botton family was evacuated in the summer of 1945 to Brussels, Belgium.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn After three months in a refugee camp, they were sent to Marseille, France, and continued on to Bari, Italy, finally arriving back in Athens in October.Шаблон:Sfn Jaime re-established his store, and Botton continued her education at the American School until 1949. That year at the end of the school term, the family moved to Mexico City, motivated by post-war tensions in Greece.Шаблон:Sfn Her paternal grandmother, Flor Saporta, after whom she was named, migrated with them.Шаблон:Sfn Botton completed her high schooling at the Colegios Garside, one of the first bilingual academies in Mexico.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In 1950, she enrolled at Mexico City College, earning a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy, cum laude, in 1952 and continuing her studies there, completing a master's degree (also cum laude) in 1953. Furthering her education, Botton moved to Paris and studied European history and Spanish literature for a year at the Sorbonne.Шаблон:Sfn

Career

In 1955, Botton returned to Mexico City and began her career teaching in a private finishing school. She was hired to teach philosophy at her alma mater in 1956.Шаблон:Sfn In 1964, she was accepted into the first 2-year master's degree program in Oriental studies at El Colegio de México (Colmex).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Between 1966 and 1968, Botton studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London and then spent spent several months studying at the National Taiwan Normal University in Taipei.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In 1969, she joined the Center for Asian and African Studies at Colmex.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn This was the first department in Latin America to focus on Chinese studies.Шаблон:Sfn Funded by UNESCO the program was initially taught by visiting scholars from around the world with the plan to replace the teaching staff with Mexicans once they were trained.Шаблон:Sfn Botton became the first Mexican sinologist to join the center.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Between 1972 and 1974 she worked on her doctorate, studying modern and classical Chinese language, history, and culture at the University of Michigan.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Botton was one of the founding editors of Fem in 1976 and remained on the editorial board until 1990.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn That same year, she became one of the founders of the Asociación Latinoamericana de Estudios de Asia y África (Latin-American Association of Asian and African Studies).Шаблон:Sfn Between 1978 and 1980 she served as a cultural attaché at the Mexican Embassy in Beijing, China.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn She returned to Mexico in 1981 and served as the director of the journal Шаблон:Ill until 1987.Шаблон:Sfn Involved in the feminist movement, Botton founded, along with Шаблон:Ill and Elena Urrutia, the Programa Interdisciplinario de Estudios de la Mujer (PIEM, Interdisciplinary Women's Studies Program) at Colmex in 1983, which at the time was not favorably considered by many academics in Mexico or Latin America.Шаблон:Sfn[Notes 1] In 1991, she became the director of the Center for Asian and African Studies at Colmex, serving until 1997.Шаблон:Sfn In addition to teaching at Colmex, Botton, a naturalized Mexican,Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn has been a visiting professor at the Autonomous University of Madrid, Harvard University, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore, and Renmin University of China in Beijing, among many others.Шаблон:Sfn

Awards and recognition

Botton is a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (National System of Researchers).Шаблон:Sfn In 2012, a group of her students published China: estudios y ensayos en honor de Flora Botton Beja (China, Studies and Essays in Honor of Flora Botton Beja) in recognition of her influence over Sinology in Latin America.Шаблон:Sfn She was honored in Chile in 2016 for her work in founding the Asociación Latinoamericana de Estudios de Asia y África (Latin-American Association of Asian and African Studies).Шаблон:Sfn The 5th International Congress on Chinese Studies, hosted in March 2020, was held in her honor, recognizing her pioneering role in the field.Шаблон:Sfn In 2021, Arizpe, Botton, and Urrutia (posthumously) were recognized for their founding of the gender studies program at Colmex.Шаблон:Sfn

Selected works

Botton has extensively published varied works on China. Her preliminary works dealt with Chinese philosophy, but she moved into studies of history and then contemporary cultural and social issues.Шаблон:Sfn

Books

Notes

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References

Citations

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Bibliography

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