Английская Википедия:Galindian language
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Split Шаблон:Infobox language
The term Galindian is sometimes ascribed to two separate Baltic languages, both of which were peripheral dialects:
- First, a West Baltic language referred to as West Galindian; and
- Second, a Baltic language previously spoken in Mozhaysk region (present day Russia), referred to as East Galindian[1]
Name
There are three proposed etymologies for the denomination Galindian:[2]Шаблон:Rp
- Proto-Baltic Шаблон:Lang meaning 'outsider' (Шаблон:Lang-lt 'wall; border').[3] This is supported by the etymology of the common Old Russian term for the Galindians Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Lang > Шаблон:Lang > Baltic Шаблон:Lang);
- It is derived from the root Шаблон:Lang found in Baltic hydronyms;[4][5] and
- The name means 'the powerful ones' (Шаблон:Lang-lt 'power, strength') and also Celtic languages (Шаблон:Lang-ga 'strength', Шаблон:Lang-cy 'power', Galli, Gallia).[6]
Proposed relation
Based on the common name used for the two peoples by ancient authors, some scientists propose a common origin of the two peoples and languages.Шаблон:R[7] In order to prove this hypothesis, they investigate common features between Old Prussian/West Galindian and East Galindian.Шаблон:R
West Galindian
West Galindian is the poorly attested extinct Baltic language of the Galindians previously spoken in what is today northeastern Poland and thought to have been a dialect of Old Prussian,Шаблон:R or a Western Baltic language similar to Old Prussian.[8] There are no extant writings in Galindian.
Phonology
Consonants
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
short | long | short | long | short | long | |
High | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | ||
Mid | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | ||||
Mid-low | Шаблон:IPA link | |||||
Low | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link |
East Galindian
East Galindian is the poorly attested extinct Baltic language of the Balts living in the Protva Basin in present-day Russia.Шаблон:R
Phonology
Based on Baltic substratum and hydronomy in the Protva Basin, the following phonology can be reconstructed:Шаблон:R[9]
Consonants
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
short | long | short | long | short | long | |
High | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | ||
Mid | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | ||||
Mid-low | Шаблон:IPA link | |||||
Low | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link |
Lexicon
There are some Russian words from the Portva Basin region suspected to be Baltisms:Шаблон:R
Russian | Transliteration | Translation | Proposed Baltic cognates |
---|---|---|---|
Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Lang | 'beer' | Шаблон:Lang-lt 'special type of beer', Шаблон:Lang-lt, Шаблон:Lang-lv |
Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Lang | 'to break something into pieces' | Шаблон:Lang-lt, Шаблон:Lang-lv |
Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Lang | 'fishing gear' | Шаблон:Lang-lt, Шаблон:Lang-lv 'to sink' |
Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Lang | 'type of weed' | Шаблон:Lang-lt 'sisymbrium' |
References
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Baltic languages
- West Baltic languages
- Medieval languages
- Extinct Baltic languages
- Extinct languages of Europe
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии