Английская Википедия:Haplogroup M8

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Шаблон:About Шаблон:Infobox haplogroup

In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup M8 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.[1][2]

Origin

Haplogroup M8 is a descendant of haplogroup M. Haplogroup M8 is divided into subclades M8a, C and Z.

Distribution

It is an East Asian haplogroup. Today, haplogroup M8 is found at its highest frequency in indigenous populations of East Siberia such as Evenk and Yukaghir. Haplogroup M8 is one of the most common mtDNA haplogroups among Yakut, Tuvan. Haplogroup C, the most major one of three subclades is highly distributed among the Amerindian and Indigienous peoples of East Siberia. Haplogroup Z, the other one of three subclades is highly distributed among Even from Kamchatka (8/39 Z1a2a, 3/39 Z1a3, 11/39 = 28.2% Z total), mtDNA Haplogroup M8a, not well known one of three subclades is highly distributed among Northern Han Chinese from Liaoning (16/317 = 5.0%).

Table of Frequencies by ethnic group

Population Frequency Count Source Subclades
Yakut 0.407 378 Шаблон:Harvnb C=153, Z=1
Mongolian 0.277 47 Шаблон:Harvnb M8a=1, C=10, Z=2
Xibe (Xinjiang) 0.145 137 Шаблон:Citation needed C=13, Z=7
Han Chinese (Liaoning) 0.120 317 Шаблон:Citation needed M8a=16, C=14, Z=8
Korean (Chungcheong) 0.103 117 Шаблон:Citation needed -
Han Chinese (Shandong) 0.099 393 Шаблон:Citation needed M8a=8, C=14, Z=17
Han Chinese (Shanghai) 0.097 51 Шаблон:Citation needed M8a=7, C=5, Z=2
Han Chinese (Henan) 0.086 208 Шаблон:Citation needed M8a=9, C=7, Z=2
Korean (Gangwon) 0.079 114 Шаблон:Citation needed -
Manchurian 0.075 40 Шаблон:Harvnb M8a=1, C=1, Z=1
Korean (Gyeongsang) 0.071 112 Шаблон:Citation needed -
Korean (Seoul) 0.067 134 Шаблон:Citation needed -
Korean (Jeolla) 0.059 118 Шаблон:Citation needed -
Korean (Gwangju) 0.033 60 Шаблон:Citation needed M8a=2
Japanese 0.032 1312 Шаблон:Harvnb M8a=18, C=7, Z=17
Vietnamese 0.029 35 Шаблон:Citation needed -
Han Chinese (South) 0.026 78 Шаблон:Citation needed -
Korean (Jeju Island) 0.009 113 Шаблон:Citation needed -
Okinawan 0.003 326 Шаблон:Harvnb CZ=1
Taiwan Aboriginal 0.000 640 Шаблон:Harvnb -
Philippines 0.000 59 Шаблон:Harvnb -

Subclades

Haplogroup C, the most major one of three subclades is highly distributed among the Amerindian and Indigienous peoples of East Siberia. Haplogroup Z, the other one of three subclades is highly distributed among Even from Kamchatka (8/39 Z1a2a, 3/39 Z1a3, 11/39 = 28.2% Z total), mtDNA Haplogroup M8a, not well known one of three subclades is highly distributed among Northern Han Chinese from Liaoning (16/317 = 5.0%).

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup M8 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[3] and subsequent published research.

  • M8
    • M8a
      • M8a1 - Ulch
        • M8a1a - Japanese
      • M8a2'3
        • M8a2 - Japanese, Han Chinese
        • M8a2-a* - Japanese, Russia
          • M8a2a'b (T152C!) - Japanese
            • M8a2a - Han Chinese
              • M8a2a1 - Japanese, Han Chinese(Hunan)
                • M8a2a1a1
              • M8a2a1b
              • M8a2a1c - Japanese
            • M8a2b - Japanese, Han Chinese (Shandong)
              • M8a2b1
              • M8a2b2 - Russia
          • M8a2c - Japanese, Han Chinese
          • M8a2d - Han Chinese
          • M8a2e - Ami(Taiwan Aborigines), Han Chinese (Taiwan)
        • M8a3 - Japanese, Han Chinese
          • M8a3a - Han Chinese
            • M8a3a1 - Han Chinese
    • CZ
      • C
        • C1
          • C1a - Ulch, Swedish
          • C1b - Amerindian
            • C1b1
            • C1b2
            • C1b3
            • C1b4
            • C1b5
              • C1b5a
              • C1b5b
            • C1b6
            • C1b7'10 (T16311C!)
              • C1b7
                • C1b7a
              • C1b10
            • C1b8
            • C1b9
            • C1b11
            • C1b12
            • C1b13
              • C1b13a
                • C1b13a1
              • C1b13b
              • C1b13c
                • C1b13c1
              • C1b13d
              • C1b13e
            • C1b14
          • C1c - Amerindian
            • C1c1
              • C1c1a
              • C1c1b
            • C1c2
            • C1c3
            • C1c4
            • C1c5
            • C1c6'7
              • C1c6
              • C1c7
            • C1c8
          • C1d - Amerindian
            • C1d1
              • C1d1a
                • C1d1a1
              • C1d1b
                • C1d1b1
              • C1d1c
                • C1d1c1
              • C1d1d
            • C1d2
              • C1d2a
            • C1d3
          • C1e - Amerindian
          • C1f - Amerindian
        • C4 - Siberian, Mongolian, Han Chinese
          • C4a'b'c
            • C4a
              • C4a1
                • C4a1a
                  • C4a1a1
                    • C4a1a1a
                  • C4a1a2'3'4
                    • C4a1a2
                      • C4a1a2a
                    • C4a1a3
                      • C4a1a3a
                        • C4a1a3a1
                      • C4a1a3b
                      • C4a1a3c
                      • C4a1a3d
                    • C4a1a4
                      • C4a1a4a
                  • C4a1a5
                  • C4a1a6
              • C4a2
                • C4a2a
                  • C4a2a1
                    • C4a2a1a
                    • C4a2a1b
                • C4a2b
                  • C4a2b1
                  • C4a2b2
                    • C4a2b2a
                • C4a2c
                  • C4a2c1
                  • C4a2c2
                    • C4a2c2a
            • C4b
              • C4b1
                • C4b1a
                • C4b1b
              • C4b2
                • C4b2a
              • C4b3
                • C4b3a
                  • C4b3a1
                • C4b3b
              • C4b5
              • C4b6
              • C4b7
              • C4b8
                • C4b8a
            • C4c
              • C4c1
                • C4c1a
                • C4c1b
              • C4c2
          • C4d'e
            • C4d
            • C4e
          • C5 - Siberian, Mongolian, Han Chinese
            • C5a
              • C5a1
              • C5a2
                • C5a2a
                • C5a2b
                  • C5a2b1
            • C5b
              • C5b1
                • C5b1a
                  • C5b1a1
                • C5b1b
                  • C5b1b1
            • C5c'd
              • C5c
                • C5c1
                  • C5c1a
              • C5d
                • C5d1
                • C5d2
          • C7 - Han Chinese, Indo-China Penisulan
            • C7a
              • C7a1
                • C7a1a
                  • C7a1a1
                  • C7a1a2
                • C7a1c
                • C7a1d
              • C7a2
                • C7a2a
            • C7b
        • Z
          • Z1'2'3'4'7
            • Z1 - Tofalar
              • Z1a - Tubalar
                • Z1a1
                  • Z1a1a - Saami, Kets
                  • Z1a1b - Nganasan, Estonian
                • Z1a2 - Ulch
                  • Z1a2a - Nivkh
                • Z1a3 - Yakuts, Estonian
            • Z2 - Japanese
            • Z3 - Japanese
      • Z3a
        • Z3a1
          • Z3a1a - Han Chinese, Indian
        • Z3a2 - Indian
      • Z3b - Indian
        • Z3c - Persian(Iranian), Japanese
        • Z3d - Han Chinese, Taiwanese
            • Z4 - Han Chinese
              • Z4a - Japanese
                • Z4a1 - Han Chinese
                  • Z4a1a
                    • Z4a1a1 - Japanese
            • Z7 - Indian
          • Z5 - Japanese

Popular culture

The American figure skater Kristi Yamaguchi is a member of haplogroup M8a.[4]

See also

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:MtDNA

Шаблон:Authority control

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

External links

  1. Шаблон:Cite web
  2. Шаблон:Cite web
  3. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок PhyloTree не указан текст
  4. Шаблон:Cite book